abundance, 8, 26, 29
Académie Colarossi, 117
Académie Julian, 117
Action Space, 155 n. 13, 159–60, 162, 163, 165, 171, 174
activity
economic, 97
human, 1, 4, 5, 12, 24, 36, 51, 52, 53, 152, 165, 170, 176, 181, 191, 196, 198
lack of, 11
subsistence, 22
transient, 37
adventure, 31, 32, 71, 105, 142
narratives of, 20
sources of, 24
aeroplane, 59, 63, 66 and n. 25, 68, 75, 78 n. 76, 97
integratory function of, 76, 81 n. 79, 82, 97 n. 56
Africa, 28, 33, 40, 46, 151
airspace, conquest of, 62–3, 84–5
album, hotel, see hotel visitors’ book
Amery, Leopold, 91, 94
Atlantic Ocean, 30, 72, 90
slave trade, 87, 90
Atlantic world, 64
America (North), 4, 33, 65 and n. 17, 70 n. 44, 90, 136, 138, 141, 162
car culture, 141–2
imports to Russia, 42, 43
Amu-Dar’ia river, 37, 38, 41, 42
Antarctica, 33
anti-landscape, 36, 39
apocalypse, the, 11, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 149
representations of, 133, 134, 135, 139, 142
Appleton, Jay, 98
Aral Sea, 36, 39, 50, 51
archaeology, 5, 8, 12, 179, 182, 184, 188 n. 24, 196, 198, 200
art, 87, 158, 159, 170, 174, 185
American, 114, 130
colonial, 90
community, 171, 175
French, 114, 121, 130
maritime, 109
public, 196
students in Paris, 10, 113, 114, 116, 117, 121, 128, 129
study of, 118, 130
artists, American, 113
in Paris, 114, 116, 117
Ashcan School, the, 129
Asia, Central, 9, 38, 43, 45, 47–8, 49, 50, 51, 52, 54, 56
Russian annexation of, 34, 36, 55
Russian responses to, 34, 36, 38, 45–6, 47–50, 54, 55
Australia, 33, 40, 46
authorship, social, 16
aviation see also flight, 9, 59, 85–6
and empty spaces, 61, 62–7, 71–84, 85
heroism of, 62, 71, 72, 75, 76, 85
as integration, 61 n. 6, 63, 65–6, 76, 82, 85
on maps, 76–84, 86
narratives of, 71–2, 74–6, 84, 85
and nation, 59, 60, 62, 65–6, 68, 76, 82, 85
pioneers of, 62, 69, 71, 76, 85, 86
symbolism of, 66 n. 24, 85, 86
technology of, 62, 63, 67, 70
terminology of, 67–71
Balfarg henge, 181, 193–8
burial at, 194
emptiness of, 187, 191, 196–7, 198–9, 200
excavation of, 193–4, 199
use of, 194, 196, 197, 198
bandeirantes, 9, 72 and n. 53, 73 and n. 55, 74, 75, 76, 80, 81, 84, 85
barrenness, 8–9, 16, 17, 19, 20, 24, 26, 27, 29, 30, 32, 56
Berg, Lev, 50–51, 52
birds, 19, 29, 30, 40, 63
Black Sands see Kara Kum
borders, 4, 30, 36, 73, 84 n. 82, 138
Brazil, 9, 58–9, 64, 67, 70 n. 45, 80, 84
coastal mountains (the Serra), 71, 74, 75–6, 85
elite in 60, 64, 66, 85
litoral, 9, 60, 64 and n. 13, 65, 73, 74
interior (sertão), 9, 64 and n. 14, 73, 84, 85
media in, 62, 67, 70–2, 74–6
nation-building in, 60, 61, 62, 66, 73, 76, 84, 85, 86
transportation network, 64–5, 75 and n. 66
Broich cursus, 181, 185–7, 199
Bukhara, 38, 51, 52
Camden, 131, 159, 160, 168, 169, 171
Camley Street Natural Park, 165, 168–70, 174
Camões, Luís de, The Lusiads, 72
Canada, 95
capitalism, 6, 7, 8, 11, 21, 89, 97, 134, 135 and n. 8, 139, 144, 145–7, 149
Carna, 15, 17, 19–20, 22, 23, 26–30, 31, 32
Carna Industrial Fund, 20, 23 and n. 29, 26, 28
car parks, 171, 175, 182, 186
cars, 55, 65, 66, 69 and n. 40, 70, 75
and n. 66, 184
as safe space, 141–2
cartography see also maps, 5, 9, 51, 62, 73, 74, 76–84, 86, 90
maritime, 90
Caspian Sea, 36, 37, 38, 39, 41, 47, 48
Chaves, Eduardo Pacheco (Edu), 9, 62, 68–9 and n. 38, 70 and n. 44, 71–6, 78, 80, 82, 84, 85, 86
citizens, 152, 157, 174
of empire, 98, 103
neurotic, 137, 149–50
city, the, see also space, urban, 134, 138, 143–4, 151–2, 153–5, 156, 165, 174, 175, 177
industrial, 7, 138, 139, 140
cityscape, 5, 129
civilization, 16, 40, 41, 43, 52, 55, 64, 66, 76, 95, 141, 144
climate, 15, 16, 34, 41, 45, 48, 50, 75, 89, 105, 112 n. 5
as threat, 45–6, 48
climate change, 50–51, 136
coast, the, 9, 15, 17, 18, 20, 29 and n. 50, 60, 64, 65, 73, 74, 90
cocooning, 141, 143
colonialism, 28, 33, 35, 36, 37, 40, 45, 50, 55, 57, 62, 71, 88, 98, 105,
colonies
British, 91 and n. 18, 95, 97, 98, 107
French, 121
colonization, 9, 34, 40, 43–4, 46, 55, 64, 66, 72, 73
colonizers see also settlers, 9, 36, 46, 90, 103, 110
community, 4, 133, 142, 144, 148, 160, 162, 166, 173, 174
art in, 171, 175, 176
artistic, 116, 118
local, 24, 136, 182, 185, 186, 187
participation by, 152, 153, 155, 156, 159, 162, 165, 170, 171, 175, 176
Congested Districts Board, 19, 25
Connemara, 8–9, 15, 17, 19 n. 10, 28, 29, 30, 31–2
Connemara Industries Company, 20, 23, 26, 30
conquest, colonial, 61, 62, 71–6, 86
consumerism, 11, 91, 94, 144–5
Crawford, William, 91, 92
Cunha, Euclides da, 64 n. 14
Curzon, George N., 38, 46, 47
Denes, Agnes, 170
desert, 1, 6, 9, 34, 36–40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 47, 98
climate of, 47, 48–9, 51
dangers of, 45–6, 47, 48–55
improvement of, 40–5, 50, 53–4, 55–6
as ocean, 34, 38, 46–7, 49
vocabulary for, 46–7, 48
desertification, 39, 52–3
destruction, 133, 138, 185, 199
aesthetics of, 133
Detroit, 138
Diggers, the, 158–9
Hyde Park Diggers, 158–9
dislocation, 10, 48
distance, 9, 41, 48, 68, 69, 80, 85, 103
overcoming of, 69 n. 19, 71, 82
shrinking of, 10, 81, 95
Dominions, the, 91, 108
dunes, 34, 37, 41, 47, 48, 51–2
earthworks, 182, 194
École des Beaux-Arts, 117
Ecological Parks Trust (EPT), 165, 166, 169
ecology, urban, 11, 153, 165, 166, 174, 176
economy, the
growth in, 23, 31
local, 22–3, 24
national, 66
rural, 29–30, 31
edgelands, 12, 143, 182
empire, 4, 35, 139
Brazilian, 60
British, 10, 88, 90, 91, 94, 95, 96, 97, 105, 109
advertising of, 91–3, 95
as garden, 105, 107
ideology of, 94 and n. 46, 95, 103
redemption of, 108–10
trade with, 90–1, 97
Portuguese, 60
Russian, 9, 34, 36, 40–1, 42–3, 44, 45, 46, 55, 56–7
Empire Marketing Board, 10, 90–5, 103, 108, 109, 110
posters, 10, 87, 88, 90, 92–7, 98, 100, 101–5, 107, 108–10
Bombay, 103, 104, 105
the family in, 88, 103, 104
Gibraltar, 103–5
Highways of Empire, 95–7, 100 n. 67, 108
as propaganda, 93–4,
in schools, 94
There’s all the health of the sea in fish, 107, 108, 109
emptiness, 1–2, 3, 7, 12–13, 24, 34, 45, 47, 56, 62, 86, 89–90, 97, 98, 113, 127, 133, 148, 149, 151–3, 175
archaeological, 12, 179–80, 198– 200
in art, 9–11, 113, 114, 120, 127
conquest of, 9, 48, 49–50, 61, 62, 63, 67, 68, 71–6, 82, 84, 85, 86, 90
constructions of, 3–4, 5–6, 9, 11, 33, 35, 37, 39, 45, 56, 57, 60–1, 85, 88, 97, 110, 139, 155, 156, 170
dangers of, 56–7, 98, 140, 142, 143
fear of, 7, 10, 40, 45, 47–8, 56, 88, 109–10, 140
filling of, 3–4, 6, 88, 97, 160, 165, 170, 185
instability of, 11, 54–5
as metaphor/symbol, 6, 7–8, 10, 45, 61, 139, 140, 146, 148, 149
multivalency of, 3, 5, 56, 143, 144–7
myth of, 4, 33–4, 36
temporal aspect of, 6–7, 131, 154
use of, 2, 8, 10, 33, 34, 37, 42–43, 44, 114, 118, 127, 131, 132, 134–5, 136–7, 138–9, 140, 145, 149, 154, 155, 158, 163, 174, 175, 177, 181, 190–3, 196–8
vocabulary of, 38–9, 42, 45, 46–47, 48, 153–4
enclosures, prehistoric, 12, 180–1, 182–7, 188, 191, 193, 199–200
uses of, 181, 182, 193, 196, 198
environment, 11, 34–5, 49, 56–7, 142, 143, 148, 152, 155, 163, 170, 174, 183 n. 12, 189
harsh, 9, 36, 45, 47
hostile, 98, 114, 134, 137, 139, 140, 141, 149
improvement of, 20, 34, 43, 53–4, 55
responses to, 33, 38–9, 45–6, 47–8
environmentalism, 11, 153, 158–9, 162, 165, 166, 170, 173, 174, 175, 176
Europe, 64, 65 and n. 17, 90, 98, 115, 153, 159
farms, 146, 147, 162
farming, 30, 44, 54, 181, 185
Federation of City Farms and Community Gardens (FCFCG), 1
fieldwork, 12, 180, 181, 191, 199
film, 5, 138, 189
apocalyptic, 133, 136, 141–2, 144–5
Finlay, T. A., Reverend, 27
fishing, 18, 19, 22, 26, 27 n. 42, 28, 29, 30, 107
Flannery, Tom, Father, 22–3, 26, 29, 30
flight see also aviation, 62–3, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 73, 76, 78 n. 76, 80, 85
long-distance, 61, 62, 68, 85, 86
short-distance, 70 n. 45
food, 16, 17, 26, 47, 144, 145, 148, 176, 193
production of, 154, 155, 156 n. 14, 157, 159, 175, 176
Frank Rehn Galleries, 118, 122, 130
Free Form, 171, 175
Freud, Sigmund, 137–8
gardens, 29, 44, 158, 159, 162, 166, 182, 184, 185
community, 11, 151, 153, 162–5, 174, 175
empire as, 105, 107
gardening, 154, 155, 156 n. 14, 157, 158, 174, 175, 176
Garros, Roland, 68, 70 n. 45, 76
gaze, the, 5, 6
archaeological, 5, 12, 182, 191, 198, 200
colonial, 5, 28
imperial, 34, 35, 36, 42–3, 45, 72
geography, 2, 50, 56, 63, 88, 89, 94, 110
challenging, 36–40, 59
human, 2, 3
geologists, 50, 53, 64
geology, 41, 50
Gill, MacDonald, 92–3 and n. 34, 95–7, 108, 109, 110
Highways of Empire, 94, 97, 105, 108–9 and n. 87
Glasgow, 98, 187, 189, 199
Gobi Desert, 1
Goodrich, Lloyd, 118, 130
Greater London Council (GLC), 157, 160, 166, 168, 169, 174
Green Guerrillas, the, 162, 163
greening, 159, 174
GUZZ, 40, 41, 42, 44
Hackney Grove Gardens, 155 n. 13, 171–3, 175
heat, 37, 45, 46, 47, 48
henges, 12, 181, 187, 189, 194–8, 199
Henri, Robert, 115, 126
The Louvre, 120 n. 24
heroism, 62, 71, 72, 73, 75, 76, 85
heterotopia, 6 and n. 15
history, 5, 12, 123, 135, 142, 143, 147, 156, 175, 182
of aviation, 67, 69–70
Brazilian, 61 and n. 6, 84, 85
of emptiness, 3, 12, 13, 47, 138, 153
imperial, 5, 9, 35
maritime, 87, 90, 105
spatial, 2, 34
home, 11, 37, 95, 97, 98, 100, 110, 115–20, 138, 140, 141, 142, 145–6, 147, 149, 163
homeliness, 16, 97, 100, 137–8, 147
Home Rule (Irish), 22, 23 and note 29
Hopper, Edward, 10–11, 112–3, 115, 116–8, 120, 122, 126, 129–30
anxiety in, 10, 114, 127–9, 131–2
emptiness in, 113–4, 116, 118, 120, 128, 129, 131–2
figure and space in, 111, 114, 118, 123
letters, 112, 126
the Louvre in, 10, 114, 120–9
Paris drawings, 111, 115
Paris paintings, 10–11, 111–32
Paris postcards, 112, 122, 126–7
rejection of tradition, 114, 118, 126, 130–1
solitude in, 114, 115–20, 123, 128, 131, 132
works
Après-midi de juin, 124 n. 34
Le Bistro, 111 n. 1
Bridge in Paris, 124 n. 34
Les Etudiants de Paris, 127–9
Interior Courtyard at 48 rue de Lille, Paris, 116, 117
Les Lavoirs à Pont-Royal, 122 n. 30
Louvre and Boat Landing, 122 n. 30
The Louvre and the Seine, 122–4, 125
Louvre in a Thunderstorm, 124–6
Le Parc de Saint-Cloud, 129 n. 44
Le Pavillon de Flore, 124
Le Pont des Arts, 129 n. 44
The Pont Royal, 124 n. 34
Quai Voltaire booksellers, 126–7, 128, 129
Sketch of Paris courtyard at 48 rue de Lille, with nude, 118–20
Le soir bleu, 111 n. 1
Stairway at 48 rue de Lille, Paris, 115, 116
Street in Paris, 111 n. 1
Summer interior, 118 n. 22
A woman in the sun, 118 n. 22
Hugo, Victor, ‘L’Année terrible’, 128–9
Hungry Steppe, the, 41–2 and n. 46, 44–5, 54, 55
imagination, 4, 6, 16, 28, 56, 61, 86, 92, 155
geographical, 5, 35
spatial, 59, 61, 62, 63, 69 n. 38, 72, 84–5
imperialism, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 28, 33, 34, 35–6, 40–5, 46, 47, 49, 50, 54, 55–6, 57, 91, 93, 94, 95, 103, 105, 107, 108, 109, 110
Impressionism, 120, 124, 126
India, 43, 53, 91, 95, 98, 100 n. 67
infrastructure, 9, 20, 22, 27, 56, 60, 64, 75, 76, 85, 154, 168
Ireland, Western, 14, 18
home rule for, 22, 23 and note 29
landscape, 9, 19, 20, 26, 27, 30, 31
poverty in, 17, 19–20, 25 and n. 36, 26, 32
rural, 20, 21, 22, 25, 28, 29
Irish Sea, 23, 31
irrigation, 9, 34, 35, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 50, 54
isolation, 6, 7, 30, 63, 118, 120, 132, 140, 190
journey, the, see also travel, 38, 49, 88, 97 n. 56, 134, 141–2, 143, 147, 148
Kara Kum, 36, 37 n. 17 and 18, 38–9, 42, 43–4, 48, 51, 54
kelp, 19 and n. 11, 25 and n. 37, 29 and n. 50
Kizil Kum, 36–7 and n. 17, 38, 41, 42, 48, 50, 51–2
Krivoshein, A. V., 44
lakes, 15, 48–9, 50–1
land see landscape, space, terrain, territory
landscape, 2, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 16, 17, 19, 21, 30, 41, 56, 59, 88, 89, 90, 98, 103, 107, 129, 134, 143, 149, 152, 153, 154, 165, 170, 171, 183, 184–5, 199, 200
barren, 9, 19, 20, 26, 29, 36–7, 38–9
empty, 34, 36, 37–8, 39, 40, 43, 44–5, 49–50, 53, 55, 110, 134, 138, 142, 147
narratives of, 17, 19, 20, 21–2, 23– 4, 34–6, 37, 38–9, 43, 44–7, 48–50, 55
legibility of, 45–50, 56
re-imagining of, 9, 10–11, 27, 34, 56–7
threatening, 9, 45–6, 47, 48, 49, 51–4, 55, 141
urban, 10, 11, 12, 21, 111, 113, 176, 181, 182, 187, 189, 195–6
Latin America, 64, 65 n. 17, 66, 72, 82 n. 82
Lefebvre, Henri, 2–3, 12, 34, 89
local authorities, 152, 157, 162, 171, 174
London, 11, 23, 97, 98, 100, 133, 134, 140, 152–3, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 166, 170, 171, 174
London County Council (LCC), 157
London Underground, 91, 92, 93 and n. 34
Louvre, the, 10, 114, 120–9, 131, 132
Lunan, Duncan, 187, 190
McCullough, Jamie, 163, 164
Main Administration of Land
Improvement and Management see GUZZ
Manchester, 20–1, 22, 23 n. 29, 25, 26, 27 n. 42, 28
Manchester Guardian, 21, 22, 28 and n. 46, 29, 30
maps see also cartography, 1, 2, 50, 72, 78–80, 82, 84, 95–7, 100 n. 67, 101, 105, 108 and n. 86, 109, 110, 174, 176, 185
emptiness on, 1, 2, 4, 10, 12, 86, 97
itinerarium, 82, 84
maritime, 88, 90, 95, 97, 105
Meanwhile Gardens, 163–5, 166, 171, 174
memorialization, 4, 12, 183, 191–3
Merv (oasis), 38, 42
Mexico, 64 n. 16, 65 n. 17
mirages, 9, 34, 48–9, 55
modernism, 10, 100, 114, 122, 126, 131, 132, 153
modernity, 5, 7–8, 63, 66, 98, 114, 120, 125
modernization, 7, 60, 66, 94 n. 46
Monet, Claude, Boulevard de Capucines, 113
Mongan, Honoria, 15, 32 n. 63
Mongan, Martin, 15, 24–6, 30, 31–2
Mongan’s Hotel, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 25, 27, 28, 30, 32
visitors’ book, 15–6, 17–9, 20, 21, 24, 27, 30, 31, 32
nation, 10, 60
and art, 121–2, 129–31
building of, 8, 9, 60, 65, 66, 70, 82, 84, 85
ideas of, 4, 60, 61, 62, 64 and n. 14, 75–6, 85, 86, 94
nationalism, 7, 8, 62, 92 n. 25, 120
nationhood, 6, 13, 92
nature, 9, 16, 17, 19, 20, 29, 30, 34, 35, 41, 45, 46, 54, 75, 76, 86, 123, 131, 165, 166–8, 169, 170
agency of, 48–9, 56
difficult, 4, 9, 10, 49–50, 54–5
empty, 9, 19, 45, 56, 75, 173
neoliberalism, 6, 8, 11, 137, 140, 147
Neolithic, the, 181, 194
sites, 12, 180–1, 185, 186, 191, 193–5, 198, 199
New York, 111 n. 1, 122, 123, 126, 129, 130, 133, 138, 162
nomads, 36, 37, 39–40, 41, 135, 142, 143, 146, 147, 149
nothingness see emptiness
ocean, 5, 7, 8, 10, 17, 20, 29, 30, 46–7, 49, 63, 69, 71–2, 78 n. 76, 87, 89, 95, 107, 109, 110
in art, 87–110
dangers of, 88, 90, 98, 103
emptiness of, 10, 34, 46–7, 88, 89–90, 97, 100, 103, 107, 109, 110
as health-giving, 107–8
as metaphor, 34, 38, 46–7, 49, 72
monsters in, 88, 97
ocean liners, 88, 100
Aquitania, 100, 102
interiors of, 100 and n. 67, 103
as safe haven, 10, 88, 98, 100, 103, 105, 110
Viceroy of India, 98, 100, 101
orientation, 68, 69 n. 38, 78, 80, 84
lack of, 9, 46, 47
Pacific Ocean, 1
Palais des Tuileries, 120 and n. 25, 121
Paris, 10
American art study in, 113–4, 116, 118, 121, 130
in Hopper’s paintings, 10, 11, 111–32
past, the, 2, 6, 7, 8, 12, 42, 47, 51, 71, 82, 137, 145, 156, 158, 179–80, 182, 187, 199, 200
intersection with present, 12, 121, 173, 182, 183, 189
overwriting of, 182, 183–4, 185, 189
Pavillon de Flore, 120–1, 123–4, 129
Pears, Charles, 92–3, 101, 103 and n. 72, 105, 108, 109, 110
Gibraltar, 101, 103–5
Suez Canal, 101
There’s all the health of the sea in fish, 107–8
Pène du Bois, Guy, 131
Peninsular and Oriental Steam
Navigation Company (P&O), 98, 101
philanthropy, 19–21, 26–31, 32, 157
Pick, Frank, 91 and n. 22, 92, 93 and n. 34
Pissarro, Camille, 113, 123–4
The Pont Royal and the Pavillon de Flore, 123–4
planning, urban, 8, 151, 152, 155, 157–8, 166, 168, 176, 183 and n. 12, 184, 199
Plauchut, Edmond, 70–71
post-apocalypse, the, 11, 133, 135, 136, 140, 143, 145, 146, 149
representations of, 133, 137, 144
postcards, 100 n. 70, 122, 191
poverty, 17, 19, 20, 21, 26–31
pre-apocalypse, the, 148
prehistory, urban, 12, 179–80, 181–7, 189, 194, 199
press, the, 5, 9, 21–2, 23, 25, 26, 31, 55 n. 112, 61, 67, 68–9, 70–1, 72, 75, 76, 193
property, 40, 145, 146
psychogeography, 183–5, 199
raid, 69–71, 77, 79, 80, 85
railway, the, 30, 38, 39, 53, 64–5, 66, 73, 75 and n. 66, 78 n. 76, 81, 82, 84, 92, 93 n. 34, 185, 199
Trans-Caspian, 38, 41
realism, 126, 131
Recess, Co. Galway, 27, 30
Red Sands see Kizil Kum
Red Star Line, the, 105
remoteness see also landscape, remote, 7, 9, 16, 17, 27, 30, 31, 45, 63, 66
resources, 17, 19–20, 22, 25, 26–7, 30, 32, 33, 41, 45, 55, 144, 145, 147–8, 154, 170, 173
Rio de Janeiro, 61, 65, 67, 68, 69, 70, 76, 77, 80, 81, 82
rivers, 15, 16, 42, 65, 158, 185
River Seine, the, 111, 114, 122, 123, 124 n. 34, 126
roads, 65, 69 n. 39, 78 n. 76, 82, 94, 142, 148, 182, 183, 185, 187, 193, 194, 196, 199
Romanov Canal, the, 41
Roscoe, Henry E., Sir, 23 and n. 29
Russia
improvement of desert, 40, 41, 42–3, 44, 45, 53–4, 56
responses to desert, 34, 38–9, 45–50, 54–5
scientists in desert, 38, 41, 45, 50–2, 53, 54, 55, 56
settlement of desert, 36, 37, 41, 44–5, 51, 54, 55
Sahara Desert, 1, 43
Saies, Enid, 118
salt flats, 34, 36–7, 49, 50, 51
Samarkand, 36, 38
sand see also desert, dunes, 34, 37, 38, 39, 46, 48, 49, 50–3, 56
São Paulo, 61, 65, 67, 68, 69 and n. 38, 70 n. 44, 72, 74, 75 n. 66, 76, 80, 81–82, 83
scientists, 38, 50, 51, 52, 53–4, 55, 56, 64
Scotland, 12, 181, 187, 194
Scott, Fred, 15, 20–1, 22, 23, 24, 26, 29, 31–2
sea see ocean
seascape, 7, 8, 10, 46, 90
security, 11, 39, 88, 105, 135, 137, 138, 141, 143, 147, 148, 149, 176
self-fashioning, 8, 9, 13, 22
Serra do Mar, 71, 74–5, 85, 86
settlement, 9, 34, 36, 37, 40, 41, 42, 43–4, 51, 52, 54, 55, 60, 64, 86, 97, 143, 144, 146, 148
settlers, 9, 33, 37, 43, 44–5, 55, 56, 88, 95, 98, 101
shooting (as sport), 15, 16, 29, 30, 31
Sighthill stone circle, 181, 187–93, 196, 198, 199–200
Sloan, John, 129, 130
Solà-Morales, Ignasi de, 154
solitude, 10, 114, 115–20, 127, 131, 192
Southern, J. W., 22, 26, 29
Southern, May, 26
space, 1–13, 32, 45–50, 59, 134, 137, 143, 151
appropriation of, 40–41, 47, 134, 135, 143, 147–8, 153
narratives of, 6, 19, 23–4, 26, 35, 40–41, 75, 144, 146, 175
perception of, 60–1, 62, 64 and n. 14, 67, 72, 73 n. 56, 76–8, 84–6, 87, 89–90, 103, 134, 154, 170, 175–6, 180, 196
regeneration of, 27–31, 36, 40–44
re-imagining of, 11–12, 29, 32, 44–5, 56, 142, 144, 147, 149, 151, 155, 156, 160, 165, 166, 174, 180, 182
shrinking of, 81, 82, 95, 97 n. 56, 107, 109–10
and time, 5–6, 7, 34, 60, 81, 123, 154
urban, 7, 10, 11, 12, 21, 112, 113, 114, 129, 131–2, 134, 138–9, 140, 141–4, 152–3, 154, 157–9, 160, 165, 171, 174, 175, 184, 187, 196, 199, 200
spatial practice, 2, 5
spatial turn, 2, 3
state, the, 8, 20, 24, 26, 32, 34, 40, 41, 43, 44, 45, 53, 55, 56, 60, 86, 142, 143, 157
steppe, the, 34, 37, 46, 47, 52, 55
Stone, J. Harris, 28–9
stone circles, 182, 187, 188 n. 24, 193
stones, standing, 180, 182–3, 184, 185, 188–9, 190, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199
sublime, the, 39, 139
surveys, 7, 12, 17, 43–4, 45, 50, 51, 55, 56, 190
aerial, 185
hydrographical, 42–3
Survivors, 11, 134, 138, 140, 141, 144, 145, 147, 148, 149
Syr-Dar’ia river, 37, 41
Tallents, Stephen, 91–2, 95, 108
Tashkent, 36, 38
technology, 3, 6, 7, 17, 37, 59, 62, 63, 66, 67, 68, 70, 75, 81, 84, 98, 100, 158
temporality, 2, 7, 10, 131
terra incognita, 135, 137
terrain, 35, 37, 46, 48, 85, 154, 165
constructs of, 33–6, 39, 43, 45, 54–5, 56–7
empty, 17, 20, 26, 27, 33–4, 35–6, 38–40, 45, 46–8, 49–50, 55, 56–7, 85
hostile / rugged, 16, 29, 30, 31, 39, 45–6, 47–9, 50, 52, 53, 54, 55
improvement of, 20, 27, 34, 43–5, 52–4, 55, 56
leisure, 31
monotony of, 37, 38, 47
territory, 10, 49, 62, 78
appropriation of, 33, 40, 47, 49–50
empty, 61, 66, 85, 86
imperial, 90, 95
national, 9, 60, 65, 70, 73, 74, 84, 85, 86
settlement of, 36, 40, 44–5, 52, 53, 54, 55
tourism, 8, 9, 20, 22, 24, 27–31, 121, 171
sporting, 9, 16, 17, 19, 20, 24, 29
trade, 10, 23, 37, 87, 90–1, 94
Transcaspia, 37 n. 18, 44, 45, 49
travel, 7, 31–2, 62, 65, 70, 97, 103
accounts of, 10, 17, 21–2, 34, 38, 40, 46, 47–9, 55
traveller, 9, 15, 17, 18, 27, 28, 29, 30, 34, 47, 48, 50, 51, 56, 101, 110
Turkestan, 36–8, 40, 44, 52, 54, 55, 56
uncanny, the, 113, 137–8, 140, 147, 149
Ust Yurt plateau, 36, 37 n. 17 and n. 18, 39
utopia, 6 and n. 15, 135, 145, 146
vision, 40, 48, 49, 59, 69 n. 38, 86, 120, 135, 163, 165, 170, 174
imperial, 42, 43, 44, 56
visitors’ books, 16–7, 18
void see emptiness
The Walking Dead, 11, 134, 136, 138, 139, 140–1, 142–50
wastelands, 38, 42, 45, 50, 63, 72, 149, 154, 165
water, 15, 27, 38, 39, 41, 42, 44, 45 n. 65, 50, 51, 52, 55, 65, 88, 105, 107, 123
weather see climate
wilderness, 4, 28, 34, 39, 45, 46 n. 65, 142, 146
wildlife, 16, 19, 30, 39, 40
William Curtis Ecological Park, 165–8, 169–70, 171, 174, 175
zombies, 146–7
as metaphor for capitalism, 135 n. 8