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Democratising History: Democratising History

Democratising History
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table of contents
  1. Title Page
  2. Copyright
  3. Contents
  4. List of figures
  5. Notes on contributors
  6. Introduction: democratising history inside and out
    1. The outside: grungy business
    2. The inside: democracy under construction
      1. 1832–1914
      2. 1914–39
      3. 1939–99
    3. Notes
    4. References
  7. Interlude A. New challenges: teaching Modern History in a ‘new university’
    1. Notes
    2. References
  8. Part I. Victorian Britain, progress and the wider world
    1. 1. Opium, ‘civilisation’ and the Anglo-Chinese Wars, 1839–60
      1. Notes
      2. References
    2. 2. Archibald Alison’s revolution
      1. Notes
      2. References
    3. Interlude B. Peter and the special relationship
  9. Part II. Culture, consumption and democratisation in Britain since the nineteenth century
    1. Interlude C. Olden times and changing times: museum interpretation and display in twenty-first-century Britain
      1. Notes
      2. References
    2. 3. Painting for pleasure: the rise and decline of the amateur artist in Victorian Britain
      1. The colourman and his amateur customers
      2. The undulating amateur art market
      3. The amateur/professional interface
      4. Women, men, aristocrats, exhibitors
      5. Conclusion: accommodating the amateur market
      6. Acknowledgements
      7. Notes
      8. References
    3. 4. Collecting for the nation: the National Art Collections Fund and the gallery-visiting public in interwar Britain
      1. The rise of the small collector
      2. ‘The ambassador of the public’: Sir Robert Witt
      3. ‘All Art-Lovers Should Join’
      4. Conclusion
      5. Notes
      6. References
    4. Interlude D. Professionalisation, publishing and policy: Peter Mandler and the Royal Historical Society
      1. Notes
      2. References
  10. Part III. ‘Experts’ and their publics in twentieth-century Britain
    1. Interlude E. Accountability and double counting in research funding for UK higher education: the case of the Global Challenges Research Fund
      1. Notes
      2. References
    2. 5. Reluctant pioneers: British anthropologists among the natives of modern Japan, circa 1929–30
      1. The Seligmans’ significance
      2. The Seligmans’ insignificance
      3. Conclusion
      4. Notes
      5. References
    3. 6. An American Mass Observer among the natives: Robert Jackson Alexander in Second World War Britain
      1. Alexander’s army
      2. Social observer
      3. Political observer
      4. Conclusion
      5. Notes
      6. References
        1. Primary sources
        2. Secondary sources
    4. 7. Architecture and sociology: Oliver Cox and Mass Observation
      1. Conclusion
      2. Notes
      3. References
    5. 8. Re-reading ‘race relations research’: journalism, social science and separateness
      1. Race relations research as social science
      2. Race relations research as journalism
      3. Dark Strangers revisited
      4. Notes
      5. References
    6. Interlude F. The Historical Association, schools and the History curriculum
      1. Notes
      2. References
    7. 9. ‘Democracy’ and ‘expertise’ in two secondary modern schools in Liverpool, 1930–67
      1. Creating gender difference in the secondary modern school
      2. Teacher expertise on ‘parenting’
      3. Inequality, inclusion and state intervention in early years parenting in English education today
      4. Notes
      5. References
        1. Unpublished primary sources
        2. Secondary sources
  11. Index

The X axis shows the percentage shares and the Y axis captures change over time. In 1600 roughly 65% of men worked in agriculture, 28% in secondary industries, 7% in tertiary services and a negligible number in the mining sector. By 1720 roughly equal numbers of men, about 40% in each sector, work in industry and in agriculture, while services have expanded more slowly to 12% and mining remains small. By 1860 both industry and services have overtaken agriculture, which employs only 20% of male workers. The share of the labour force in agriculture carries on falling subsequently and services continue to grow as a share, until services and industry reach parity in the 1920s. Then, after 1970, services take off and industry declines as a proportion of the total. By 2011, the services sector employs 75% of the male workforce, industry roughly 23% and mining and agriculture a very small amount each. Taken as a whole the graph shows a dramatic transformation in the male labour force with agriculture declining throughout the period, industry rising to overtake it, followed by services, industry then subsequently declining, while mining experiences a much slower increase, peaking at about 7% in the 1920s before tailing off to a very small share by 2011.

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