Index

abortion, 168
Acts of Parliament, 147, 154, 156–8
administrative law, 91
Adoo-Kissi-Debrah, Ella, 48, 51. See also ‘Ella’s Law’
adultery, 169
afterlives methodology, 195, 204–7
air pollution, 38. See also smog
causes of, 38–9, 42
damage caused by, 42, 43
dangers of, 40
economic costs of, 43
four classes of, 44
health impacts of, 40, 42, 43, 47, 48, 50–51
measuring, 53n33
responsibility for, 41
Anglicanism, 122
anti-pollution measures
air strategies, 46–7
benefits of, 48
costs of, 43, 50
defences to, 44
implementation and enforcement of, 40–41, 42, 43–6, 48–50
lack of, 50–51
obstacles to, 45–8
opposition to, 49
Aquinas, St Thomas, 150
Archdall, Henry Kingsley, 120–21, 126, 127–8
resignation of, 129
supporters of, 128
artificial intelligence, 131
Asquith, Cyril (Lord Asquith), 145
assets, sale of, 17, 19
assimilation, 228
assisted dying, 143, 156–8
Association for Moral and Social Hygiene, 216
Attlee, Clement, 127
austerity, 67
Bank of England, 24
bankruptcy, 195, 196, 200, 201, 205–7
Bar Council, 93
Bar examination, 93
barristers, 88, 103
in academic posts, 95–6
anonymity of, 145
professional training of, 87, 93, 94, 106
status of, 96
BBC Radio, 158
1920s to 1950s, 143–6
Any Questions? 144–5
From Cricket to the Caribbean, 145, 160n25
Desert Island Discs, 144
H.L.A. Hart talk, 142, 143
The Law in Action, 143, 145, 152
law on, 143–6
Reith Lectures, 141, 142, 143
Beaver Committee, 41, 44
Beaver Report, 37, 42–3
Beeching Report, 64, 72–3, 74
Beeching, Richard, 72
Bell, Ronald, MP, 177
Bendall v. McWhirter, 199, 202, 203
Berkeley Hotel, 18–19, 20–22, 23
Bevan, Aneurin, 127
bidders, 16, 17, 18, 23
‘black’ areas, 44, 45, 46. See also smoke
Board of Trade, 20, 21, 22, 23, 66
Boyd-Carpenter, John MP, 69
Bridge, J.W., 102
British public, feelings of, 149–50
British Rail, 73
British Railways Board, 72
British Transport Commission, 70, 71, 72, 74
broadcasters, 143, 144, 155, 156
Bubble Act 1720, 65
Buckley, Denys, 121, 123
Buggery Act 1533, 217
Canterbury, Archbishops of, 157
capitalism, personal, 25, 26n12
Carey, George (Lord Carey), 156, 157
Carriers Act 1830, 65
charters, 122, 124, 129
Cheap Trains Act 1883, 66
children
‘illegitimate,’ 170, 174
safeguarding, 176
choice, 171, 175, 185
Chorley, Robert (Lord Chorley), 97
Churchill, Winston, MP, 38, 39, 219
Church of England, 119, 120
circumstances, exceptional, 205–7
City Code on Take-Over and Mergers 1968, 25
civil partnerships, 208
Clarke, Florence, 143
Clark, Sir Andrew, 121
Clean Air Acts 1956, 1968, 1993, 37, 43–6, 50
Clean Air Councils, 44–5
Clore, Charles, 24, 25n2, 27n15
and Savoy Hotel Ltd, 20, 21, 31n82
takeover of Sears, 14, 15, 19, 26n4
Clough, Arthur Hugh, 158
coal-mining, 38, 46
collaboration, 90
colonialism, 119, 145, 146
common law, 130, 179, 204
Companies Acts 1928, 1929, 1947, 1948, 15–17, 20, 22, 27n18
company accounts, 16
company directors, 16, 17, 20, 21
company law, 90–91
comparative law, 92
competitions, 107
complacency, academic, 88, 102, 105
compulsory purchase, 65
consent
age of, 215–16, 220, 221, 225, 226, 227, 228
capacity for, 151–3, 214
Constantine, Learie, 144–5
Contagious Diseases Acts 1864, 1866, 1869, 216, 226
conveyancing third parties, 180–81
corporate practices, 14, 15–17, 24
‘comply or explain’ regime, 25
Council of Married Women, 183
creditors, 196, 198–201, 205, 208
crime rates, 38, 40
criminal justice system, 221, 222, 223
criminal law, 143, 149, 151
critical thinking, 156, 158
Danckwerts, H.O., 121
death penalty/capital punishment, 144, 217, 218
deaths, pollution-related, 37, 40, 42, 47, 50–51
deception, 225
decision-making, judicial, 95, 153–4
degrees, power to award, 118, 119, 123, 130
democracy, quality of, 146–7
Denning, Alfred Thompson (Lord Denning), 145, 180, 199, 202, 203
denominationalism, 119, 130
deregulation (the ‘big bang’), 25
Devlin, Sir Patrick, 142, 148
British Academy lecture, 143, 146, 149–50
sexual abuse by, 149–50
disclosure, 16–17, 179
discrimination, 6
disestablishment, 119, 120
diversity, 106, 143–4. See also equality
dividends, 17, 18
divorce, 208
by consent, 171–2, 173
easier, 178, 183, 184–5
financial consequences of, 169, 177, 183
grounds for, 169, 170, 183
rise of, 169, 185, 188n17
divorced women
finances of, 169, 179
and maintenance payments, 183
penniless, 174
and property, 178
reluctant, 171–2
divorce law. See also Royal Commission on Marriage and Divorce
attempted reform of, 167–8, 170–77
as civil matter, 172
feminist approaches to, 175–7
history of, 167–8
Divorce Law Reform Union, 170
doctrinal approach to law, 100
Dodd, Norman, MP, 39
double standard, sexual, 214, 215, 217, 226
education, 3–5. See also legal education
Education Act 1944, 3, 125
Edwards, Ness, 127
elitism, 24
‘Ella’s Law,’ 47–8, 50
emissions, 46, 48–9
prevention/minimisation of, 42, 44
English legal system, the, 92
environmental law, 44
equalisation, age of consent, 220, 225
equality, 94, 106, 171, 174
for both sexes, 175–6
elusiveness of, 185
financial, 175
formal, 182, 185
marriage, 228
rejection of, 224
for women, 4, 177, 183, 196, 199
equal pay, 4, 176, 184
equity, deserted wives,’ 180, 199, 201, 202, 203, 208
Establishment, the, 146
ethics, 94, 131, 152, 156
eugenics, 216
eviction, 198–9, 202, 206
Falconer, Charles (Lord Falconer), 156, 157, 158
family allowances, 177
family home, the, 5–7, 179–82, 195, 199, 200–201. See also matrimonial home, the
family law, 180, 208
feminism
and divorce law reform, 167–9, 171
first-wave and second wave, 185
feminist judgments, 195, 196, 197, 198–201, 208
Feminist Judgments project, 199
feminist methodology, 195
feminist organisations, 175, 177, 182, 183, 215–16
feminists
campaigning, 183
differing viewpoints of, 185, 187
equal-rights, 175, 177, 178, 183, 184, 185, 186
new/protectionist, 175, 177, 182, 184, 185, 186–7
and prostitution, 217
fires, open, 38, 39, 42, 45, 46, 52n7
freight traffic/travel, 64, 65
charges for, 65–6, 70
decline of, 70–71
move to roads, 67, 69
restrictions on, 68, 74
fuel, 41
coal, 38, 40
diesel, 38, 44
smokeless, 40, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 54n43
furnaces, 40, 44, 46
Ganley, Mrs, 174, 175
Gardiner, Gerald, 145
gay activism, 227
Gay Liberation Movement, 227
gay men, 143. See also homosexuality
age of consent for, 220, 221, 225, 226
inferior status of, 226
treatment programmes for, 220
gay rights, 214
gender fraud, 225
gender neutrality, 168–9, 227
gender pay gap, 67
‘gentleman’s agreement,’ definition of, 122
Goldsmith, James, 20
Goodman, Arnold, 98
Gower, Laurence Cecil Bartlett (Jim), 87–8
on academics, legal profession and judges, 94–6
in Africa, 99
as company lawyer, 97, 105
critique of legal education and training, 88–9
early life, education and training, 98
justification of criticisms, 99–103
MLR article/inaugural lecture, 87–8, 91, 96–7
as President of SPTL, 92, 95, 97, 99, 104
on professional examinations, 94, 105–6
proposals for reform, 103–4
reactions to criticism by, 96–7
as a solicitor, 98–9
textbook on company law, 90–91
treatment of students, 97–8
and the undergraduate law degree, 89–93, 104
views on teaching, 97
grants, 4, 44, 45
Hale, Brenda (Lady Hale), 153, 155
Hamson, C.J., 145
Hansard, 218
harm, prevention of, 215, 216
harm principle, 217, 219, 226
Hart–Devlin debate, 142, 143, 149, 151
Hart, Herbert L.A., 142, 156, 158
on ‘Immorality and Treason,’ 142, 143, 146, 148, 149–51
letter in The Times, 143, 146–7
Listener article, 142, 143
monograph, 148
heteronormativity, 214, 227, 228
history, socio-legal, 64, 130
homelessness, 206, 207
homosexuality. See also Wolfenden Report
criminalisation of, 217–18
distinctions between male and female, 223–5
female, 215, 221, 222–6
inferiority of, 221
as legal concept, 215, 222
male, 217–21, 226
medicalisation of, 220, 226
partial decriminalisation of, 143, 144, 215, 217, 219–20, 221
prevention of, 220
reforming the law on, 143, 144, 214–15, 217–21
silence around, 214
Hornsby-Smith, Patricia, 172–3, 175
housekeeping allowances, 175–7, 178
House of Lords, reform of, 119
housing, 6
humanism, 157, 163n77
human rights, 47–8, 49, 152–3
husbands
beneficial interest of, 197, 206
as breadwinners, 180, 184, 200
deserted, 182
deserting, 198–9, 203, 208
financial support from, 169, 172, 173
as ‘ne’er-do-well and waster,’ 197–8, 199–200
obligations of, 179–80
Hutchinson, Gladys, 195, 204, 205–7
Hutchinson, Henry Thornburn, 195, 197–8, 199–200
identities
gender, 67
homosexuality as, 226
legal, 219
sexual, 228
Welsh national, 118
working, 67
immorality, 151, 216, 219
impartiality, 154–5
income
joint/equal ownership of, 176, 177
men’s, 179
sharing/division of, 178, 184
women’s/wives’, 5, 178, 183, 186, 200
indecent assault, 214, 223
individualism, 24
industries, 38, 42, 43, 46, 50, 74
inequality, 221
between lesbians and gay men, 224
social and economic, 49–50, 51
Inns of Court School of Law, 93
In Re Holliday, 205
Insolvency Act 1986, 196, 198, 205, 207
insolvency law, 208
interdisciplinarity, 90
interpretation
‘black-letter,’ 130
statutory, 91, 126, 154
intestacy, 183
investors, institutional, 23, 24, 25
James, Jenkin, 127–8
Jones, Jenny (Baroness), 47–8, 50
Joseph, Max, 21, 23
Joseph, Sir Keith, 43–4, 46
journals, law, 88–9
Journal of the SPTL, 88
The Law Teacher, 105, 106
Modern Law Review, 87, 91, 97, 100
North American, 105
Jowitt, William Allen (Lord Jowitt), 97
Joyce, William (Lord Haw-Haw), 150–51
judiciary/judges, 87, 96, 154–5
criticism of, 87–8, 95, 154
interventionist, 154
patronising attitude of, 95, 103
reactions to Gower, 96–7, 103, 104
sense of superiority of, 104
serving, 147, 154–5
justice, 151
social, 3, 144, 158
for women, 186, 198
Keegan, Dame Siobhan, 155
Kennedy, Ian, 151–2, 153–4
Kilmuir rules, 154–5
King, Horace, MP, 177
Labouchere amendment, 218
Lampeter College. See St David’s College, Lampeter
land law, 180–2, 201–2
Land Registration Act 1925, 203
law
public engagement with, 151
public understanding of, 143, 153, 155, 158
law curriculum, 88, 89–90, 91, 104, 118
law in action, 102
law in context, 89, 100
Law Lords, 97, 142, 144, 152–3, 154
Law of Property Act 1925, 196, 197, 205, 208
law schools, 4–5, 96, 100, 101, 102, 103
law teaching, 88, 89–93, 142
being interesting/stimulating, 97, 104–5
socio-legal approach to, 90
Leadbeater, Kim, 156, 157
Lee, Jennie, MP, 177
legal academics, 89–90, 104–5
cited in court, 152
criticism of, 87–8
employment conditions/pay of, 95–6, 99, 100, 103–4
inferiority complex of, 95, 96, 104
inferiority of, 154
as masons or architects, 102
reactions to Gower article, 97
status of, 94–6
as teachers, 95–6, 100
legal aid, 97
Legal Aid and Advice Act 1949, 99, 169
legal clinic, 98–9
legal education
experimentation of, 95
factors constricting, 89
Gower’s views of, 100–103
journal articles about, 88–9
literature, 105
in North America, 88, 95, 99
outputs, 105
proposed inquiry into, 96, 103
legal formalism, 130
legal history, 7–9, 213
socio-legal approach to, 117–18
women in, 8
legal method, 92–3
legal practitioners, 94–5, 99
legal profession, 4–5, 91
co-ordination with universities, 89
criticism of, 87, 96
reactions to Gower article, 96–7
widening participation in, 106
legal system, 90, 92, 97
critiquing, 90
lesbian activism, 222, 227
lesbianism, 215
evidence to Wolfenden Committee, 223–4
invisibility of, 224–5, 226
medicalisation of, 224, 226
regulation of, 223
‘unnatural,’ 222
lesbian rights, 214
liberalisation, 217, 219
liberalism, 213–14, 216–17, 222
Listener, The, 141, 142, 148, 149, 150, 153, 155, 158
literature, 8, 105, 199
Lloyd, Dennis, 98
Lloyds Bank Ltd v. Trustee of the Property of O –A Bankrupt, 201–2
London School of Economics, 87, 99, 100, 101
London Stock Exchange, 13, 15
Macmillan, Harold, MP, 39, 41
maintenance, 168, 170, 179, 203, 205
attachment of payments to wages, 179
court enforcement of, 182–3
non-payment of, 173, 177
Maintenance Orders Act 1958, 182–3
male dominance, 179, 222
of legal culture, 5, 117, 125, 167–8, 184
of rights hierarchy of, 199
Marples, Ernest, MP, 75
marriage, 5–6
breakdown of, 200
companionate, 185
‘dead,’ 169, 170
divorce as threat to, 172
end/abolition of, 172, 185
as a partnership, 176
second/remarriages, 171, 179
status of, 177, 185
subjection/subordination of women, 185, 186
marriage bar, 3
Marriage Guidance bureaux, 185
Married Women’s Association, 175, 182, 183
Married Women’s Property Act 1882, 201
Matrimonial Causes Acts 1923, 1937, 167, 169
Matrimonial Causes Acts Bill 1951, 170–75
Matrimonial Homes Act 1967, 204
matrimonial home, the, 168, 196, 197, 198, 201–2, 205–7. See also family home, the
Matrimonial Proceedings and Property Act 1970, 182
Maxwell Fyfe, Sir David (Viscount Kilmuir), 155, 219, 220
McCluskey, John, Lord, 153–4, 155
media, law in, 153, 155, 158
medical law, 154, 156
men
agenda setting by, 125, 183
legally trained, 184
non-criminalisation of, 216, 226
privacy of, 181
as property owners, 182, 184
stereotypes of, 172, 174
victim-blaming by, 186
mergers, 15, 26n8
methodologies, 195, 204–7
MI5 (Ministry of Intelligence), 142, 151
Miller II/Cherry case, 153
Mill, John Stuart, 148, 150
Milner, James (Lord), 45
Minister of Education, 125, 126–7
Ministry of Education, 121, 123–6, 129
Ministry of Justice, 97
Moberley, Sir Walter, 127, 128–9
Modernisation Plan 1955, 63–4, 68–71, 72, 73, 74, 75
Montrose, Professor, 100
moralism, 158
morality, 147, 150, 151, 156, 216, 219, 221, 226
mortgagees, rights of, 201–2, 208
mortgage law, 208
Mothers’ Union, 177
motor vehicles, 38, 46, 48–9
National Council of Women, 177
National Provincial Bank v. Ainsworth, 202–3, 208
New Towns Act 1946, 6
nonconformism, 118, 119, 130
non-discrimination, 217
Normanton, Helena, 176
Northern Ireland, 155
notice, 180, 181, 201, 202
Nuffield Council on Bioethics, 152
objectivity, 90, 102, 125
occupation, right to, 201–2, 203, 207, 208
Offences Against the Person Act 1861, 218
‘ordinary man’ test, 124–5, 126
Parliament Act 2011, 119
Parry-Jones, Daniel, 119
Parry, Sir David Hughes, 99–100, 128
Partition of India, 142, 146, 156
Passenger Railway Services (Public Ownership) Act 2024, 74
passengers, 64, 65, 66, 67, 69, 70
pensions, 170, 172, 173, 179
persons/parties interested, 196–7, 198, 208
planning, of the railways, 64, 65
planning regulations, 19, 29n58, 41
police, the, 217, 226
politics
of equality and choice, 171
of higher education, 130
and judges, 154
and legal academics, 90
sexual, 176
Welsh, 127
pollutants, 37
grit and dust, 42, 44, 45
nitrogen dioxide, 49, 51
particulates, 48, 51, 52n12
sulphur dioxide, 38, 44, 54n43
possession, right to, 201–2, 208
posterity, 204–5
postgraduate students/researchers, 5, 97–8
postponement of sales, 205, 206, 207
poverty, 6
Powicke, Sir Maurice, 129
privacy, 143, 144, 149, 176, 181, 220, 222, 227
private, definition of, 220, 221
private law, 91, 102
private members Bills, 47–8, 50, 65, 157, 170, 175, 182
Privy Council, 129
professional training, 87–9, 93–4, 103. See also barristers; solicitors
financial barriers to, 94, 106–7
property
co-/joint ownership of, 176, 178, 180, 196, 205, 208
community of, 178, 182
lease back of, 19, 20, 22
male ownership of, 7
office buildings, 19–20, 21
property development, 18, 19–20, 21
property law, 203–4, 208
property rights, 180
property values, 14, 19
prosecutions of homosexual men, 155
high-profile, 218, 220
prostitution, 143, 176, 214, 215–17
as choice, 216
as public nuisance, 215, 216, 227
state regulation of, 215
women as the problem, 216–17
public decency, 219, 220
public harms, 226
Public Health (London) Acts 1891, 1936, 41
public law, 91
public nuisance, 215, 216, 227
public opinion, 152, 157, 168, 171
public order, 216, 219
public/private divide, 220, 222, 223, 227
Radcliffe, Cyril (Lord Radcliffe), 141, 142–3, 146–8, 153, 154, 156, 158
Railtrack/Network Rail, 73
Railway and Canal Traffic Acts 1854–1894, 66, 68, 72, 74, 76
railway companies, 65–7
Railway Executive, 68
Railway Executive Committee, 66, 67
Railway Regulation Act 1844, 66
railways. See also Beeching Report; Modernisation Plan 1955
anti-railway conspiracy, 73
charging practices, 68, 70
common carrier duties of, 68, 72
cuts to/closures, 69, 70, 71, 73
development of, 64–7
financial deficit of, 70–71, 72
improvement plans, 68–9
lack of planning, 64, 65
as national heritage/symbol, 63, 75
nationalisation/renationalisation of, 67, 68, 74, 75
political wrangling over, 64, 74
post-war decline of, 67–8
privatisation of, 73–4
profitability of, 69–70
public ownership of, 66–7
socio-legal history of, 64
Victorian origins of, 64, 65, 71, 74, 75
vision/blueprint for, 65, 68, 72, 74, 76
Railways Acts 1921, 1993, 66, 73
railway traffic, 64, 66
Rantzen Dame Esther, 157–8
rape, 214
rationing, 1, 14, 26n4, 37–8, 51n1, 67
Re B case, 151–3
receivers, 196–7, 198
Re Citro (A Bankrupt), 205–7
reconstruction, post-war, 14
Re Eve case, 152
registration of interest, 180, 181, 201, 202
Regulations 40D and 33b, 226
Reith Lectures, 141, 142, 153–5
archives of, 155
‘Law and the Decline of Politics,’ 143
‘Law, Justice and Democracy,’ 153
‘The Problem of Power,’ 141, 146–8, 153, 156
‘The Unmasking of Medicine,’ 154
religious views, 157, 172
Re Parrott, Cox v. Parrott, 122
research impact, 131
research skills, 92–3
reserves, secret, 16
respectability, 174
right of occupation, spouse’s, 181
road haulage operators, 67
road traffic, 67–8, 69, 71, 73, 74
Rolph, C.J. (Hewitt), 144
Roman law, 92
Ross, Sir William D, 127
Royal Commission on Marriage and Divorce, 1, 175, 177–9, 180–82
same-sex relationships, 215, 222, 226, 227
Samuel, Harold, 20–24, 31n82
Savoy Hotel, 18–24, 25n1, 29n46
Savoy Hotel Ltd
attempted takeover of, 13, 14
defence strategy of, 20–22, 23
sale of, 23–4
scholarships, 94, 107
scripts, radio, 141, 148
section 28, 227–8
section 30 cases, 205–7
secularisation, 120
secularism, 157
sentencing, 218, 225
separation, 170, 173
sexuality
female, 214, 222, 226
lesbian, 224, 225
male, 214, 222
silences around, 227
Victorian model of, 223
sexually transmitted infections, 216, 226
sexual offences, 150, 214, 217, 218, 223, 227
Sexual Offences Acts 1967, 2003, 213, 215, 217, 221, 225
sexual offences law, 213–15, 225, 226
shareholders, 13–14, 16, 17, 18
share ownership, 15, 26n11
shares, classes of, 21–2, 23
silences/silencing
around homosexuality, 218–19, 220, 221, 223, 226–8
around prostitution, 224
around sexuality, 227
around sexual offences, 213–14
socio-legal effects of, 215, 223
statutory, 228
of women, 216, 225
sin, living in, 170, 174
smog, 39, 46. See also air pollution
the Great London, 37, 38–40, 50
smoke, 41, 42, 44, 52n12, 53n39, 54n43
smoke abatement movement, 38
smoke control areas/zones, 41, 42, 43–4
smoke control orders, 43–4, 46
Smoke Nuisance Abatement (Metropolis) Acts 1853, 1856, 40
social sciences, development of, 102
Society of Public Teachers of Law (SPTL), 4, 5, 95, 96, 100, 101, 103, 104
presidential addresses, 90, 92, 95, 96, 99–100, 101
soliciting, 214, 216, 227
solicitors, 88, 103
articles, 93–4
professional training of, 87, 93–4, 105–6
Solicitors’ Qualifying Examination, 106
Solicitors’ Regulation Authority, 106
sources, non-legal, 130
‘Square Deal’ campaign, 67
Stallybrass, W.T.S, 90, 100
Starmer, Sir Keir, 157
St David’s College, Lampeter, 118, 132
as English institution, 119
finances of, 120–21, 126
institutional ethos, 119, 120
leading scholars, 131
as men only college, 125
relationship with University of Wales, 118, 119, 123, 127–8, 130
as religious institution, 118, 126
status as university college, 124
Welsh language staff, 120
witnesses in support of, 123
St. David’s College Lampeter v. Minister of Education, 117, 121–4
judgment, 124–7, 130
sterilisation, 151–52
Stevens v. Hutchinson, 195, 196–8, 202, 204, 205, 207, 208
judgment, 198–201
Street Offences Act 1959, 214, 216–17
subjectivity, 125
Summerskill, Edith, 175, 176
Sumption, Jonathan (Lord), 143, 154
Supreme Court, rules of, 155
takeovers, 17
defence strategies, 20–22, 23, 24
hostile/contested, 13–14, 15, 24
taxation, 17, 19, 29n59, 176, 179
television, 52n8, 153
tenants in common, 196
Terminally Ill Adults (End of Life) Bill, 156–8
terminology
derogatory/offensive, 216, 217, 227
introduction of, 219
textbooks, 90–91, 105
The Mortgage Corporation v. Shaire, 205
theology, 157
Thomas, J.R. Lloyd, 128, 129
Thomas, Lorimer, 120
Thomas, Sir Ben Bowen, 127
Times, The, 146–7
H.L.A. Hart letter, 143
Re B article, 151–2
and Reith Lectures, 143
Tomlinson George, 126
Town and Country Planning Acts 1947, 1953, 19, 29n58
Train Operating Companies, 73, 74
Transport Acts 1947, 1953, 1962, 68, 72
transport, public, 40, 46, 49, 67
trusts
implied, 207
for sale, 196, 197, 198
statutory, 208
Trusts of Land and Appointment of Trustees Act 1996, 196, 205, 206
Turing, Alan, 142, 143, 149
Ultra Low Emissions Zone (ULEZ), 48–9
undergraduate law degree (LLB), 88, 89–93
duplication of courses, 99–100
Gower’s syllabus, 91–3, 104
universities, 3–5. See also law schools
bogus, 123, 132
definition of, 118, 122–3, 125, 126, 131, 132
independent, 130
private, 131–2
qualities of, 131
and undergraduate law courses, 89–93
university colleges, 118, 119, 123, 127, 128, 129
University Grants Committee (UGC), 120–21, 128
University of Wales, 118–19, 124
university status, 120–21, 122–3
Upjohn, Mr Justice (Lord), 195, 207
as feminist judge? 201–4
as formalist judge, 203–4
judgment of, 196–201
Vaisey, Sir Harry, 121–2, 124–6, 129, 130
Wade, E.C.S, 89, 100–101
wages
‘family,’ 184
for housework, 175–6
Watkinson, Harold, MP, 70
Wayne, Jennifer, 144
Welsh Church Act 1914, 119
Welsh language and culture, 118, 119, 120
Westminster Bank Ltd v. Lee, 202
White, Eirene, 170–71, 172, 173–4, 176, 177
white knights, 23
Wilde, Oscar, 218
wisdom, 154, 158
wives. See also equity, deserted wives’
allowances for, 178–9, 183
of bankrupts, 205–7
beneficial interest of, 197
deserted, 174, 176, 180–82, 183–4, 196, 197, 199, 200, 202–3, 204
empowerment of, 186
ex-, 172, 178, 179
feminist support for, 183–4
financial dependence on men, 169, 172, 173, 175, 177, 178, 183, 200
financial rights for, 176
as homemakers, 6, 172, 175, 180, 182, 184, 200
interests of, 198
lack of rights of, 201
loss of family home, 179–82
overriding interests of, 203
personal circumstances of, 206
Wolfenden Committee
evidence on lesbianism, 223–4
and prostitution, 215–17
recommendations, 213, 215, 219, 221, 222–3
silence of, 213–15
Wolfenden, John, 214, 227
Wolfenden Report, 143, 149, 156, 157
legacy of, 226–8
womanhood, ideal, 7
women. See also wives
broadcasters, 143, 144, 155
as deserted wives, 176–7
domestic role of, 222
as drab/unattractive, 171–2, 173
education of, 3–5
financial dependence on men, 186, 187
financial rights for, 175
as ‘harpies,’ 172
as homemakers, 5–7
independent, 185
judges, 153
married, 5–6, 176, 177, 182, 183, 184, 186
men’s power over, 168, 175
rights of occupation, 179–80
stereotypes of, 171–2, 174
subjection of, 185
in the workforce, 5–6, 67, 174, 175, 180, 184, 186
Women’s Disabilities Bill 1952, 180, 186
Women’s Liberation Movement, 167, 227
Worcester Building Company (London) Ltd, 21–3
worthiness/unworthiness, 198, 200

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