Bibliography

Primary sources

Secondary literature

• Alcalde, Ángel. ‘Spatializing Transnational History: European Spaces and Territories’. European Review of History: Revue Européenne d’Histoire 25, nos. 3–4 (2018): 553–67. https://doi.org/10.1080/13507486.2018.1439885.
• Alcalde, Javier. Esperanto i Anarquisme: Els Orígens (1887–1907). Barcelona: Edicions Malcriàs d’Agràcia, 2022.
• Alcalde, Javier. ‘Pioneers of Internationalism: Esperanto and the First World War’, in Multilingual Environments in the Great War, ed. Julian Walker and Christophe Declercq (London: Bloomsbury, 2021), 44–57.
• Aldridge, Frederick. The Development of the Wycliffe Bible Translators and the Summer Institute of Linguistics, 1934–1982. PhD dissertation, University of Stirling, 2012.
• Allen, Ann Taylor, and Anne Cova. ‘Introduction: Transnational Women’s Activism’. Women’s History Review 32, no. 2 (2023): 165–71. https://doi.org/10.1080/09612025.2022.2100566.
• Anderson, Benedict. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. London: Verso, 1991.
• Anderson, Michael. Scotland’s Populations from the 1850s to Today. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018.
• Andriotis, Konstantinos and Mišela Mavrič. ‘Postcard Mobility: Going Beyond Image and Text’. Annals of Tourism Research 40, no. 1 (2013): 18–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2012.07.004.
• Askew, Thomas A. ‘The New York 1900 Ecumenical Missionary Conference: A Centennial Reflection’. International Bulletin of Missionary Research 24, no. 4 (2000): 146–54.
• Bartley, Paula. Emmeline Pankhurst. London: Routledge, 2002.
• Barton, David, and Mary Hamilton. Local Literacies: Reading and Writing in One Community. London: Routledge, 2012.
• Beauchamp, K. G. Exhibiting Electricity. London: The Institution of Electrical Engineers, 1997.
• Benedict, Burton. The Anthropology of World’s Fairs: San Francisco’s Panama Pacific International Exposition of 1915. Berkeley: Lowie Museum of Anthropology and Scolar Press, 1983.
• Bernal, John Desmond. Science in History, Volume 2: The Scientific and Industrial Revolution. London: Penguin Books, 1965.
• Blom, Philipp. The Vertigo Years: Change and Culture in the West, 1900–1914. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2008.
• Borsboom, Ed. Vivo de Lanti. Paris: Sennacieca Asocio Tutmonda, 1976.
• Boulton, Marjorie. Zamenhof: Creator of Esperanto. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1960.
• Branca, Patricia. Silent Sisterhood: Middle-Class Women in the Victorian Home. London: Routledge, 2012.
• Brown, Heloise. ‘The Truest Form of Patriotism’: Pacifist Feminism in Britain, 1870–1902. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2003.
• Brydan, David, and Jessica Reinisch, eds. Internationalists in European History: Rethinking the Twentieth Century. New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 2021.
• Burghelea, Manuela. ‘On Not Being Lost in Translation: Creative Strategies to Approach Multiculturalism in Esperanto’. Język, Komunikacja, Informacja 13 (2018): 159–74. https://doi.org/10.14746/jki.2018.13.11.
• Caligaris, Irene. Unu Lingvo por Ĉiuj, Unu Lingvo de Neniu Lando: Surkampa Esploro pri la Esperantaj Identecoj. Pisa: Edistudio, 2021.
• Centassi, René, and Henri Masson. L’Homme qui a Défié Babel: Ludwig Lejzer Zamenhof. Paris: Harmattan, 1995.
• Chakrabarty, Dipesh. The Calling of History. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2015.
• Clavin, Patricia. ‘Defining Transnationalism’. Contemporary European History 14, no. 4 (2005): 421–39. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960777305002705.
• Connelly, John. From Peoples into Nations: A History of Eastern Europe. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2020.
• Conrad, Sebastian. Globalisation and the Nation in Imperial Germany. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
• Creusot, Thomas. L’Utopie sous Presse: Éditer l’Espéranto en France (1897–1939). Master’s dissertation, École nationale des chartes, 2022.
• Davis, Natalie Zemon. ‘Decentering History: Local Stories and Cultural Crossings in a Global World’. History and Theory 50, no. 2 (2011): 188–202. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2303.2011.00576.x.
• Delap, Lucy. Feminisms: A Global History. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2020.
• Delap, Lucy. The Feminist Avant-Garde: Transatlantic Encounters of the Early Twentieth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.
• Dennison, Patricia. The Evolution of Scotland’s Towns: Creation, Growth and Fragmentation. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2022.
• Duranti, Alessandro. Linguistic Anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.
• Eco, Umberto. The Search for the Perfect Language. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1995.
• England, Kim, and Kate Boyer. ‘Women’s Work: The Feminization and Shifting Meanings of Clerical Work’. Journal of Social History 43, no. 2 (2009): 307–40. https://doi.org/10.1353/jsh.0.0284.
• Fettes, Mark. ‘The Lady, the Linguists, and the International Language’. Language Problems and Language Planning 25, no. 2 (2001): 177–84. https://doi.org/10.1075/lplp.25.2.06fet.
• Fians, Guilherme. ‘Bringing Constructed Languages Back to the Debate: The Contributions of Interlinguistics to General Linguistics’. Investigationes Linguisticae 46 (2022): 43–52. https://doi.org/10.14746/il.2022.46.5.
• Fians, Guilherme. Esperanto Revolutionaries and Geeks: Language Politics, Digital Media and the Making of an International Community. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2021.
• Fians, Guilherme, ‘La Kosmopolito kaj la Aliulo: Historiaj konsideroj pri diferenco kaj diverseco laŭ la vidpunkto de esperantistoj’, in En la mondon venis nova lingvo: Festlibro por la 75-jariĝo de Ulrich Lins, ed. Hitosi Gotoo, Goro Christoph Kimura and José Antonio Vergara, 475–95 (New York: Mondial, 2018).
• Fians, Guilherme. ‘Mind the Age Gap: Communication Technologies and Intergenerational Language Transmission among Esperanto Speakers in France’. Language Problems and Language Planning 44, no. 1 (2020): 87–108. https://doi.org/10.1075/lplp.00057.fia.
• Fians, Guilherme. ‘Neutralizing the Political: Language Ideology as Censorship in Esperanto Youth Media during the Cold War’. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 34, no. 2 (2024), 200–219. https://doi.org/10.1111/jola.12427.
• Fians, Guilherme, ‘O que falar em esperanto quer dizer: Revisitando políticas prefigurativas, movimentos sociais e as novas esquerdas Mana’. Estudos de Antropologia Social 29, no. 1 (2023): 1–31.
• Fians, Guilherme, ‘TEJO, um maduro movimento de juventude’, 240–53, in O Esperanto Alem da Lingua, ed. Fernando Pita and Guilherme Fians. Porto Velho: Temática, 2017.
• Fiedler, Sabine. ‘Standardization and Self-Regulation in an International Speech Community: The Case of Esperanto’. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 177 (2006): 67–90. https://doi.org/10.1515/IJSL.2006.005.
• Fischer-Tiné, Harald, Stefan Huebner and Ian R. Tyrrell, eds. Spreading Protestant Modernity: Global Perspectives on the Social Work of the YMCA and YWCA, 1889–1970. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press, 2021.
• Forster, Peter G. The Esperanto Movement: Contributions to the Sociology of Language. The Hague: Mouton, 1982.
• Freedman, Estelle B. ‘The New Woman: Changing Views of Women in the 1920s’. The Journal of American History 61, no. 2 (1974): 372–93. https://doi.org/10.2307/1903954.
• Fumurescu, Ana. Visualizing Agency: Postcards and Romanian National Identity. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2015.
• Gardey, Delphine. ‘Mechanizing Writing and Photographing the Word: Utopias, Office Work, and Histories of Gender and Technology’. History and Technology 17, no. 4 (2001): 319–52. https://doi.org/10.1080/07341510108581999.
• Gardey, Delphine. ‘The Standardization of a Technical Practice: Typing (1883–1930)’. History and Technology 15, no. 4 (1999): 313–43. https://doi.org/10.1080/07341519908581951.
• Garvía, Roberto. Esperanto and Its Rivals: The Struggle for an International Language. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2015.
• Garvía, Roberto. Lengua y Utopia: El Movimiento Esperantista en España (1890–1936). Granada: Editorial Universidad de Granada, 2021.
• Gauldie, Enid. ‘The Dundee Jute Industry’, in Scottish Textile History, edited by John Butt and Kenneth Ponting, 112–25. Aberdeen: Aberdeen University Press, 1987.
• Gelber, Steven M. ‘Free Market Metaphor: The Historical Dynamics of Stamp Collecting’. Comparative Studies in Society and History 4, no. 34 (1992): 742–69. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0010417500018077.
• Gillen, Julia, and Nigel Hall. ‘Edwardian Postcards: Illuminating Ordinary Writing’, in The Anthropology of Writing: Understanding Textually Mediated Worlds, edited by David Barton and Uta Papen, 169–89. London: Bloomsbury, 2012.
• Goodall, Grant. ‘Constructed Languages’. Annual Review of Linguistics 9 (2023): 419–37. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-linguistics-030421-064707.
• Gordin, Michael. Scientific Babel: How Science Was Done Before and After Global English. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2015.
• Gordon, Eleanor. Women and the Labour Movement in Scotland 1850–1914. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991.
• Greatex, Geoffrey. ‘Translations of Virgil into Esperanto’, in Virgil and His Translators, edited by Susanna Braund and Zara Martirosova Torlone, 124–35. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018.
• Greble, Emily. Muslims and the Making of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2021.
• Green, Abigail, and Vincent Viaene, eds. Religious Internationals in the Modern World: Globalization and Faith Communities since 1750. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.
• Gregor, Douglas Bartlett. La Esperanta Traduko de la Malnova Testamento: Dek-Biblia Konkordanco de 518 Diskutindaj Versoj. Scheveningen: Heroldo de Esperanto, 1958.
• Grieves, Kevin. ‘Esperanto Journalism and Readers as “Managers”: A Transnational Participatory Audience’. Media History 27, no. 1 (2020): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/13688804.2020.1727319.
• Halperin, Liora. ‘Other Tongues: The Place of Foreign Language in Hebrew Culture’, in Reflections on Knowledge and Language in Middle Eastern Societies, edited by Bruno de Nicola, Yonatan Mendel and Husain Qutbuddin, 228–47. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2010.
• Handman, Courtney. Critical Christianity: Translation and Denominational Conflict in Papua New Guinea. Oakland: University of California Press, 2015.
• Heller, Wendy. Lidia: The Life of Lidia Zamenhof, the Daughter of Esperanto. Oxford: George Ronald, 1985.
• Hobsbawm, Eric. The Age of Empire, 1875–1914. New York: Vintage Books, 1989.
• Hoppen, K. Theodore. The Mid-Victorian Generation, 1846–1886. London: Clarendon Press, 1998.
• Hughes-Johnson, Alexandra, and Lyndsey Jenkins, eds. The Politics of Women’s Suffrage: Local, National and International Dimensions. London: University of London Press, 2021.
• Hunt, Karen. ‘Suffrage Internationalism in Practice: Dora Montefiore and the Lessons of Finnish Women’s Enfranchisement’, in The Politics of Women’s Suffrage: Local, National and International Dimensions, edited by Alexandra Hughes-Johnson and Lyndsey Jenkins, 285–308. London: University of London Press, 2021.
• Jaffe, Alexandra. Ideologies in Action: Language Politics on Corsica. Berlin: Mouton De Gruyter, 1999.
• James, Kevin J., Melissa McAfee, Aritra Bhattacharjee, Alexandra Kurceba and Ainsley Robertson. ‘Greetings from Scotland: Postcards and the Digitisation of Travel Ephemera in the University of Guelph’s Scottish Collections’. The International Review of Scottish Studies 44 (2019): 3–9. https://doi.org/10.21083/irss.v44i0.5836.
• Jordanova, Ludmilla. History in Practice. London: Bloomsbury, 2019.
• Kamarýt, Stanisłav. Historio de la Esperanto-Movado en Čehoslovakio: Iom da Historio kaj iom da Rememoroj. Prague: Čeha Esperanto-Asocio, 1983.
• Kamenov, Nikolay. Global Temperance and the Balkans: American Missionaries, Swiss Scientists and Bulgarian Socialists, 1870–1940. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2020.
• Keane, Webb. Christian Moderns: Freedom and Fetish in the Mission Encounter. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2007.
• Kemp, John. ‘Red Tayside? Political Change in Early Twentieth-Century Dundee’, in Christopher A. Whatley and Bob Harris, eds. Victorian Dundee: Image and Realities, 217–39. East Linton: Tuckwell, 2000.
• Kökény, Lajos, and Vilmos Bleier, eds. Enciklopedio de Esperanto. Budapest: Literatura Mondo, 1933.
• Kołodziejska-Smagała, Zuzanna. ‘Polish-Jewish Female Writers and the Women’s Emancipation Movements in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries’. Aspasia, 16 (2022): 110–29. https://doi.org/10.3167/asp.2022.160108.
• Korzhenkov, Aleksandr. Zamenhof: The Life, Works, and Ideas of the Author of Esperanto. New York: Mondial, 2010.
• Koschek, Marcel. ‘TEKA: A Transnational Network of Esperanto-Speaking Physicians’. Hungarian Historical Review 10, no. 2 (2021): 243–66. https://doi.org/10.38145/2021.2.243.
• Kreuder-Sonnen, Katharina. ‘From Transnationalism to Olympic Internationalism: Polish Medical Experts and International Scientific Exchange, 1885–1939’. Contemporary European History 25, no. 2 (2016): 207–31. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960777316000047.
• Kwolek-Folland, Angel. Engendering Business: Men and Women in the Corporate Office, 1870–1930. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994.
• Lake, Robert. ‘Gender and Etiquette in British Lawn Tennis 1870–1939: A Case Study of “Mixed Doubles.”’ The International Journal of the History of Sport 29, no. 5 (2012): 691–710. https://doi.org/10.1080/09523367.2012.675203.
• Langland, Elizabeth. Nobody’s Angels: Middle-Class Women and Domestic Ideology in Victorian Culture. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1995.
• Ledger, Sally. The New Woman: Fiction and Feminism at the Fin de Siècle. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1997.
• Lenman, Bruce, Charlotte Lythe and Enid Gauldie. Dundee and Its Textile Industry, 1850–1914. Dundee: Abertay Historical Society, 1969.
• Limor, Yehiel, and Ilan Tamir. ‘The Neglected Medium: Postage Stamps as Mass Media’. Communication Theory 31, no. 3 (2021): 491–505. https://doi.org/10.1093/ct/qtz043.
• Lins, Ulrich. La Danĝera Lingvo: Esperanto en la Uragano de Persekutoj. Kyoto: L’Omnibuso, 1973.
• Lins, Ulrich. Dangerous Language: Esperanto and the Decline of Stalinism. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2017.
• Lins, Ulrich. Dangerous Language: Esperanto under Hitler and Stalin. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016.
• Lowe, Graham. Women in the Administrative Revolution: The Feminization of Clerical Work. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1987.
• Lynch, Michael. ‘John Knox, Minister of Edinburgh and Commissioner of the Kirk’, in John Knox and the British Reformations, edited by Roger Mason, 242–67. London: Routledge, 2018.
• Lyons, John. Introduction to Theoretical Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1968.
• Macdonald, Murdo. ‘The Patron, the Professor and the Painter: Cultural Activity in Dundee at the Close of the Nineteenth Century’, in Victorian Dundee: Image and Realities, edited by Christopher A. Whatley and Bob Harris, 197–216. East Linton: Tuckwell Press, 2000.
• Marcus, George E. ‘Ethnography in/of the World System: The Emergence of Multi-Sited Ethnography’. Annual Review of Anthropology 24 (1995): 95–117. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.an.24.100195.000523.
• Markov, Anne-Sophie. Le Mouvement International des Travailleurs Espérantistes, 1918–1939. Master’s dissertation, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 1999.
• Masuzawa, Tomoko. The Invention of World Religions or How European Universalism Was Preserved in the Language of Pluralism. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005.
• Matthias, Ulrich. Esperanto: La Nova Latino de la Eklezio. Antwerp: Flandra Esperanto-Ligo, 2002.
• Metzger, Bruce. The Bible in Translation: Ancient and English Versions. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2001.
• Metzger, Bruce. The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption, and Restoration. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1968.
• Metzger, Bruce. A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament. London and New York: United Bible Societies, 1971.
• Müller, Simone. Wiring the World: The Social and Cultural Creation of Global Telegraph Networks. New York: Columbia University Press, 2016.
• Neuburger, Mary. The Orient Within: Muslim Minorities and the Negotiation of Nationhood in Modern Bulgaria. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2011.
• Nitobe, Inazô. ‘Esperanto and the Language Question at the League of Nations’, in Al Lingva Demokratio / Towards Linguistic Democracy / Vers La Démocratie Linguistique, edited by Mark Fettes and Suzanne Bolduc, 62–78. Rotterdam: Universala Esperanto-Asocio, 1998.
• Noworolska, Barbara. Eliza Orzeszkowa. Trwanie, pamięć, historia. Białystok: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku, 2005.
• Offen, Karen M. European Feminisms, 1700–1950: A Political History. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2000.
• O’Keeffe, Brigid. Esperanto and Languages of Internationalism in Revolutionary Russia. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2021.
• O’Keeffe, Brigid. ‘An International Language for an Empire of Humanity: L. L. Zamenhof and The Imperial Russian Origins of Esperanto’. East European Jewish Affairs 49, no. 1 (2019): 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501674.2019.1618165.
• Oram, Alison. Women Teachers and Feminist Politics, 1900–39. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1996.
• Osterhammel, Jürgen. The Transformation of the World: A Global History of the Nineteenth Century. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2014.
• Pabst, Bernhard. Marie Hankel (1844–1929): Esperanto-Dichterin, Organisatorin, Feministin. Bonn: Selbstverlag, 2002.
• Peltonen, Matti. ‘Clues, Margins, and Monads: The Micro-Macro Link in Historical Research’. History and Theory 40, no. 3 (2001): 347–59. https://doi.org/10.1111/0018-2656.00172.
• Phillipson, Robert. Linguistic Imperialism. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992.
• Privat, Edmond. La Vivo de Zamenhof. Tyresö: Inko, 2001.
• Prochaska, David, and Jordana Mendelson, eds. Postcards: Ephemeral Histories of Modernity. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2010.
• Purvis, June. ‘Emmeline Pankhurst (1858–1928), Suffragette Leader and Single Parent in Edwardian Britain’. Women’s History Review 20, no. 1 (2011): 87–108. https://doi.org/10.1080/09612025.2011.536389.
• Rapley, Ian. Green Star Japan: Esperanto and the International Language Question, 1880–1945 (Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai‘i Press, 2024).
• Rapley, Ian. ‘Talking to the World: Esperanto and Popular Internationalism in Prewar Japan’. Japan Society Proceedings 152 (2016): 76–89.
• Rapley, Ian. ‘Sekaigo: Esperanto, International Language, and the Transnational Dimension to Japan’s Linguistic Modernity’. Japan Forum 32, no. 4 (2020): 511–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/09555803.2019.1594342.
• Rašić, Nikola. La Rondo Familia: Sociologiaj Esploroj en Esperantio. Pisa: Edistudio, 1994.
• Rayner-Canham, Marelene, and Geoffrey Rayner-Canham. Chemistry Was Their Life: Pioneering British Women Chemists, 1880–1949. London: Imperial College Press, 2008.
• Reinisch, Jessica. ‘Introduction: Agents of Internationalism’. Contemporary European History 25, no. 2 (2016): 195–205. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960777316000035.
• Revel, Jacques. Jeux d’echelles: la micro-analyse à l’expérience, edited by Jacques Revel. Paris: Gallimard Le Seuil, 1996.
• Richmond, Ian. ‘Esperanto Literature and the International Reader’, in Aspects of Internationalism: Language and Culture, edited by Ian Richmond, 103–18. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1993.
• Rodogno, Davide, Bernhard Struck, and Jakob Vogel, eds. Shaping the Transnational Sphere: Experts, Networks and Issues from the 1840s to the 1930s. New York: Berghahn, 2014.
• Rogan, Bjarne. ‘An Entangled Object: The Picture Postcard as Souvenir and Collectible, Exchange and Ritual Communication’. Cultural Analysis 4 (2005): 1–27.
• Rüger, Jan. ‘OXO: Or, the Challenges of Transnational History’. European History Quarterly 40, no. 4 (2010): 656–68. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265691410376488.
• Rupp, Leila J. ‘Constructing Internationalism: The Case of Transnational Women’s Organizations, 1888–1945’, The American Historical Review 99, no. 5 (1994): 1571–1600. https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/99.5.1571.
• Rupp, Leila J. Worlds of Women: The Making of an International Women’s Movement. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997.
• Sarafov, Ivan. Skizo de la Historio de Bulgara Esperanto-Movado. Sofia: Bulgara Espeantista Asocio, 1971.
• Saunier, Pierre-Yves. Transnational History. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013.
• Schor, Esther. Bridge of Words: Esperanto and the Dream of a Universal Language. New York: Metropolitan Books / Henry Holt and Company, 2016.
• Sethia, Tara. ‘The Rise of the Jute Manufacturing Industry in Colonial India: A Global Perspective’, Journal of World History 7, no. 1 (1996): 71–99. https://doi.org/10.1353/jwh.2005.0058.
• Shackleton, Ken. ‘Gender Segregation in Scottish Chartered Accountancy: The Deployment of Male Concerns about the Admission of Women, 1900–25’. Accounting, Business & Financial History 9, no. 1 (1999): 135–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/095852099330395.
• Sikosek, Ziko Marcus. Sed Homoj kun Homoj: Universalaj Kongresoj de Esperanto, 1905–2005. Rotterdam: Universala Esperanto-Asocio, 2005.
• Sluga, Glenda. Internationalism in the Age of Nationalism. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2013.
• Sluga, Glenda, and Patricia Clavin, eds. Internationalisms: A Twentieth-Century History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016.
• Smalley, William Allen. Translation as Mission: Bible Translation in the Modern Missionary Movement. Macon, GA: Mercer University Press, 1991.
• Smith, Graham R. ‘The Making of a Woman’s Town’: Household and Gender in Dundee, 1890–1940. PhD thesis, University of Stirling, 1996.
• Smith, John T. ‘Russian Military Censorship during the First World War’. Revolutionary Russia 14, no. 1 (2001): 71–95. https://doi.org/10.1080/09546540108575734.
• Stahl, Michael J. The ‘God of Israel’ in History and Tradition. Leiden: Brill, 2021.
• Stanley, Brian. The World Missionary Conference, Edinburgh 1910. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 2009.
• Stanley, Brian. ‘Scotland and the World Missionary Conference, Edinburgh 1910’, Records of the Scottish Church History Society 41 (2012): 113–32.
• Stoll, David. ‘The Summer Institute of Linguistics and Indigenous Movements’. Latin American Perspectives 9, no. 2 (1982), 84–99. https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582X8200900205.
• Strom, Sharon Hartman. Beyond the Typewriter: Gender, Class, and the Origins of Modern American Office Work, 1900–1930. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1992.
• Struck, Bernhard. ‘Licht und Schatten im Esperantoland ohne Grenzen. Ein blinder Junge aus der Provinz, ein Eskimochef aus Mähren, ein Übersetzer aus England und Anarchisten in China’, in ZwischenWelten. Grenzüberschreitungen europäischer Geschichte, edited by Katja Makhotina and Thomas Serrier, 269–82. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 2023.
• Struck, Bernhard. ‘(Plan)Sprachen und Wissen(-Sordnungen) um 1900’, in Wissen Ordnen und Entgrenzen—Vom Analogen Zum Digitalen Europa?, edited by Joachim Berger and Thorsten Wübbena, 27–46. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2023.
• Struck, Bernhard, Kate Ferris and Jacques Revel. ‘Introduction: Space and Scale in Transnational History’. The International History Review 33, no. 4 (2011): 573–84. https://doi.org/10.1080/07075332.2011.620735.
• Supu, Noo. A Triglot Dictionary. Compiled by Dr. Ernest L. Richert and Ttopoqogo Hoopusus. Ukarumpa: Summer Institute of Linguistics, 2002.
• Sutton, Geoffrey. Concise Encyclopedia of the Original Literature of Esperanto, 1887–2007. New York: Mondial, 2008.
• Thane, Pat. ‘ “Well-Bred and Conventional Ladies”: The National Council of Women of Great Britain and Ireland/Northern Ireland’. Women’s History Review 32, no. 2 (2023): 172–89. https://doi.org/10.1080/09612025.2022.2100564.
• Ther, Philipp. Centre Stage: Operatic Culture and Nation Building in Nineteenth-Century Central Europe. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press, 2014.
• Tomlinson, Jim. Dundee and the Empire: ‘Juteopolis’ 1850–1939. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2016.
• Tonkin, Humphrey. ‘One Hundred Years of Esperanto: A Survey’. Language Problems and Language Planning 11, no. 3 (1987): 264–82. https://doi.org/10.1075/lplp.11.3.02ton.
• Tonkin, Humphrey. Lingvo kaj popolo: Aktualaj problemoj de la Esperanto-movado. Rotterdam: Universala Esperanto-Asocio, 2006.
• Tonkin, Humphrey. ‘The Semantics of Invention: Translation into Esperanto’, in The Translator as Mediator of Cultures, edited by Humphrey Tonkin and Maria Esposito Frank, 169–90. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2010.
• Tyrrell, Ian. Woman’s World, Woman’s Empire: The Woman’s Christian Temperance Union in International Perspective, 1880–1930. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina, 1991.
• Urla, Jacqueline. ‘Ethnic Protest and Social Planning: A Look at Basque Language Revival’. Cultural Anthropology 3, no. 4 (1988): 379–94. https://doi.org/10.1525/can.1988.3.4.02a00030.
• Velitchkova, Ana. ‘Nationalized Cosmopolitanism with Communist Characteristics: The Esperanto Movement’s Survival Strategy in Post–World War II Bulgaria’. Social Science History 46, no. 3 (2022): 617–42. https://doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2022.5.
• Velitchkova, Ana. ‘Rationalization of Belonging: Transnational Community Endurance’, International Sociology 36, no. 3 (2021): 419–38. https://doi.org/10.1177/0268580920962005.
• Vries, Jan de. ‘Playing with Scales: The Global and the Micro, the Macro and the Nano’. Past & Present 242, no. 14 (2019): 23–36. https://doi.org/10.1093/pastj/gtz043.
• Wainwright, Emma M. ‘Constructing Gendered Workplace “Types”: The Weaver-Millworker Distinction in Dundee’s Jute Industry, c. 1880–1910’. Gender, Place & Culture, 14, no. 4 (2007): 467–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/09663690701439777.
• Ware, Susan. Why They Marched: Untold Stories of the Women Who Fought for the Right to Vote. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 2019.
• Wells, John C. ‘Esperanto’, in Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics, Volume 4, edited by Keith Brown, 223–5. New York: Elsevier, 2006.
• Wenzlhuemer, Roland. ‘The Dematerialization of Telecommunication: Communication Centres and Peripheries in Europe and the World, 1850–1920’. Journal of Global History 2, no. 3 (2007): 345–72. https://doi.org/10.1017/S174002280700232X.
• Williamson, F. H. ‘The International Postal Service and the Universal Postal Union’. Journal of the Royal Institute of International Affairs 9, no. 1 (1930): 68–78. https://doi.org/10.2307/3015625.
• Wood, Richard E. ‘A Voluntary Non-Ethnic, Non-Territorial Speech Community’, in Sociolinguistic Studies in Language Contact: Methods and Cases, edited by William Francis Mackey and Jacob Ornstein, 433–50. The Hague: Mouton, 1979.
• Young, Arlene. From Spinster to Career Woman: Middle-Class Women and Work in Victorian England. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s Press, 2019.
• Żelazny, Walter. Ludwik Zamenhof: Life and Work. Reminiscences. Białystok: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku, 2020.