Skip to main content

The 1922 General Election Reconsidered: Index

The 1922 General Election Reconsidered
Index
    • Notifications
    • Privacy
  • Project HomeThe 1922 General Election Reconsidered
  • Projects
  • Learn more about Manifold

Notes

Show the following:

  • Annotations
  • Resources
Search within:

Adjust appearance:

  • font
    Font style
  • color scheme
  • Margins
table of contents
  1. Series Page
  2. Title Page
  3. Copyright
  4. Dedication
  5. Contents
  6. List of tables
  7. Acknowledgements
  8. Introduction
  9. 1.  The party political outlook in October 1918
  10. 2.  The position of the four main parties
  11. 3.  Locally arranged pacts
  12. 4.  ‘There is no Pact – But’
  13. 5.  ‘Co-operation’ in the constituencies
  14. 6.  Impact of the local elections and nomination day
  15. 7.  Defining Coalition Liberal strategy
  16. 8.  Trying to broker a deal with the Conservatives
  17. 9.  Exchanges between the parties after 4 November
  18. 10.  Methods and tone
    1. The manifestos
    2. Local candidates
    3. Getting the message over
    4. The visual look
    5. The women’s vote
    6. Disruption of election meetings
  19. 11.  Final positions
  20. 12.  The day of the election and the hours after
  21. 13.  Results
  22. 14.  Repercussions of the 1922 General Election
  23. Conclusion
  24. Afterword: considerations for British politics
  25. Select list of sources
    1. Private papers and archives
    2. Contemporary publications, printed private papers, diaries, memoirs
    3. Newspapers
    4. Books
    5. Articles
    6. Unpublished theses
  26. Index

Index

  • Aberavon (constituency), 57–8, 90, 118, 124
  • Aberystwyth, 102
  • Accrington, 101
  • Acland, Francis, 62, 64
  • Adams, R. J. Q., 5
  • Addison, Dr Christopher, 88–9, 91
  • Alexander, Lieutenant Colonel Maurice, 48, 51n6
  • Allen, Ronald, 61–2, 63n4
  • Amery, Leo, 33, 40, 101
  • Anti-Waste, 57
  • Asquith, Herbert Henry, 4–6, 14, 20, 24, 26–7, 32, 34, 41, 43, 47, 50, 54–6, 69, 85, 101–2, 116, 120, 126
  • Ashton under Lyne, 66
  • Astor, Nancy, 96, 121, 122n26
  • Attlee, Clement, 66
  • Baldwin, Stanley, 4, 74, 102, 125–6
  • Balfour, Lord, 27, 30, 68
  • Balfour, Lady Francis, 68
  • Ball, Stuart, 123
  • Bannerman, Henry Campbell, 19
  • Barnsley, 66, 109
  • Barrow, 66
  • Bath, 66
  • Bearsted, Lord, 71–2
  • Beaverbrook, Lord, 13, 55–9, 61, 69, 104, 109, 115
  • Beddoe Rees, Sir William, 62, 63, 64n7
  • Bedford, 8, 101, 107
  • Benn, Arthur Shirley, 87
  • Bermondsey West (constituency), 57
  • Berwick, 102–3
  • Bethnal Green, 57
  • Betterton, Henry, 97, 98n15
  • Birkenhead, 66
  • Birkenhead, Lord, 13, 27, 58, 72, 101–3, 110
  • Birmingham
  • Handsworth (constituency), 87, 92
  • Ladywood (constituency), 97
  • Blackburn, 66
  • Blake, Robert, 4–5, 29
  • Blair, Tony, 6
  • Bodleian Library, 88
  • Bolshevism, 29
  • Bolton, 66, 102, 117
  • Bonar Law, Andrew, 3, 5–6, 8, 11, 13–4, 23–4, 27, 30–4, 39–42, 47–50, 53–6, 58, 63, 72, 74, 81, 83, 85, 92, 94–5, 102–04, 109–10, 115, 120, 123, 125, 128–9
  • Boscawen, Sir Arthur Griffith, 32, 51, 101
  • Bradford, 66
  • Breese, Charles, 119
  • Brexit, 132
  • Brexit Party, 132
  • Bridgeman, William, 12, 28
  • Bridgeman, Viscountess Caroline, 95
  • Brighton, 102
  • Bristol, 12, 66, 68, 72, 102, 104
  • East (constituency), 86, 95
  • North (constituency, 90
  • South (constituency), 63
  • West (constituency), 72
  • Buckingham Palace, 39
  • Buckrose (constituency), 109
  • Bull, Sir William, 30, 72, 86
  • Burnley, 66
  • Bury (constituency), 66, 109
  • Caernarvon, 117, 119,
  • Caerphilly (constituency), 42–3
  • Camberwell North-West (constituency), 48
  • Cannes (conference), 9
  • Cardiff, 66
  • Carlisle, 66
  • Carshalton, 49
  • Carlton Club meeting, 6–8, 10–12, 19, 21–4, 27–30, 32–3, 39–40, 50, 53, 55, 58, 73, 86, 123, 129
  • Cave, Lord, 33, 102
  • Caxton Hall, 107
  • Cecil, Hugh, 29
  • Chamberlain, Austen, 9–10, 25–8, 30, 39, 47, 51, 72, 74, 87, 102
  • Chamberlain, Neville, 9,
  • Chamberlain, Mrs Neville, 97
  • Charing Cross, 110
  • Chatfeild-Clarke, Edgar, 89
  • Chatham (constituency), 32
  • Chelsea (constituency), 50
  • Cheltenham (constituency), 94
  • Chesterfield (constituency), 66, 119
  • Churchill, Winston, 13, 47, 54, 58–9, 71, 73–4, 77, 97, 109, 115
  • Coalition (principle), 3, 30, 47, 50
  • Colchester (constituency), 49, 108
  • Coldstream Guards, 87
  • Colne, 66
  • Communism, 14, 97, 108–9
  • Communist International, 54
  • Conservative Party, 2–14 , 19–34, 39–44, 47–51, 53–9, 61–3, 65, 68–9, 71–5, 77–8, 81–2, 83–92, 94–7, 101–5, 108–10, 115–121, 123–6, 127–30, 131–2
  • Conservative Central Office, 9–10
  • Conservative Women’s Organisation, 95
  • diehards, 29, 44, 71–2, 74
  • Scottish Conservatives, 12, 30–31, 32
  • Lancashire Conservatives, 32, 34
  • National Union, 39
  • Cook, Chris, 4, 8, 12, 48, 120
  • Cope, Alfred, 44
  • Corrupt and Illegal Practices Prevention Act (1883), 88
  • Coventry, 66
  • Cowling, Maurice, 5, 84
  • Crewe, Lord, 24
  • Criccieth, 102
  • Criterion (restaurant), 111
  • Croydon, 66
  • Curzon, Lord, 13, 33, 56
  • Daily Express, 13, 55–6, 65, 101, 109, 115
  • Daily Herald, 8
  • Daily Mirror, 96, 107
  • Darlington, 66, 101
  • Davies, J. C., 103
  • Decline and Fall of Lloyd George, The, 56, 58, 115
  • Denbigh (constituency), 57, 102
  • Derby, 65–66, 101, 103, 116
  • Derby Daily Telegraph, 81, 120
  • Derby Lord, 10, 12, 26, 32–33, 56, 68, 101–2, 120
  • Derbyshire North East (constituency), 116
  • Derbyshire South (constituency), 81–2, 121
  • Devizes, 102
  • Devon Record Office, 91
  • Devonshire, Duke of, 102, 103
  • Dinnick, Augustus, 58
  • Doncaster, 66
  • Dorset East (constituency), 41–2, 57, 59, 63, 104
  • Dowden, Oliver, 132
  • Downing Street, 7, 26, 109
  • Drury Lane, 92, 95
  • Dudley, 66, 102
  • Dutton, David, 102
  • Dundee (constituency), 47, 54, 97, 102, 109, 117
  • Ealing, 66
  • East Ham, 66
  • North (constituency), 117
  • South (constituency), 117
  • Edinburgh
  • East (constituency), 92
  • South (constituency), 107
  • Edwards, Clement, 117
  • Egypt, 91
  • Electoral Commission, 132
  • Erskine, James, 57
  • Exeter (constituency), 66, 86
  • Eye (constituency), 118
  • Farjeon, Eleanor, 93
  • Fell, Sir Arthur, 109
  • Fisher, H. A. L., 7, 71, 73–4, 101
  • Flanders, 92
  • Fleet Street, 111
  • Flint, 102
  • Flintshire (constituency), 57
  • Fraser, Sir Malcolm, 9, 26–7, 40, 42, 77
  • Freeman, Gavin, 125
  • Freeman, Marshall, 47, 81, 120
  • Free Trade, 50, 84, 87, 126
  • general elections (other than 1922)
  • 1916 (prospective), 1
  • 1918 (coupon election), 1
  • 1923, 2
  • 1924, 2
  • 1940 (prospective), 1
  • 1945, 1
  • 2019, 132
  • 2024, 132
  • Gateshead, 102
  • George V (king), 11, 39
  • Germany (armies), 20
  • Germany (reparations), 87
  • Gibbs, George, 72
  • Gillingham (constituency), 32
  • Gilmour, John, 30
  • Glasgow, 3, 55, 102–3, 107, 108–110, 120
  • Bridgeton (constituency), 97
  • Cathcart (constituency), 120
  • Central (constituency), 24, 50, 92, 109–10
  • Hillhead (constituency), 47, 50, 92
  • Pollok (constituency), 30
  • Gloucester Citizen, 22
  • Gloucester Journal, 69
  • Gloucestershire, 24, 58
  • Gregory, Henry, 81
  • Green, Sir John, 62
  • Greenwood, Hamar, 115
  • Grey, Lord, 102–3
  • Griffiths, Clare, 124
  • Grimsby, 66
  • Guest, Colonel C. H. C., 90
  • Guest, Freddy, 40–2, 58–9, 63, 115
  • Guiness, Walter, 101–2
  • Hackney Central (constituency), 48
  • Hackney Empire, 111
  • Halifax, 66, 118
  • Hall Caine, Gordon, 104
  • Hammersmith South (constituency), 30, 86
  • Harrods, 111
  • Haverfordwest, 101
  • Henderson, Arthur, 86, 91, 129
  • Hewart, Sir Gordon, 61, 63n3
  • Hoare, Samuel, 33, 50, 55, 74
  • Hogg, Douglas, 33, 102
  • Hohler, Gerald, 32
  • Hope, Sir Harry, 31
  • Hopkinson, Austin, 118–19
  • Horne, Robert, 27, 31, 7, 50, 51n2, 7, 92, 102
  • Hornsey (constituency), 69
  • Hotel Cecil, 39–40
  • Hotel Victoria, 43
  • House of Commons, 11, 95, 118, 121, 124
  • Howard, Gerald, 118
  • Howard, Stephen, 119, 122n15
  • Huddersfield, 66
  • Hull, 66, 101
  • Hull Daily Mail, 33
  • Hutchinson, Sir Robert, 120
  • Ilkeston (constituency), 47, 81, 102–3, 120
  • Impact of Labour, The, 84
  • India, 91
  • Ipswich, 66
  • Islington, 66, 108
  • Ireland (Irish Settlement 1921), 25, 91, 131
  • Isle of Wight (constituency), 89–90
  • Jones, Leif, 62
  • Jones, Robert, 119
  • Keighley, 67
  • Kenyon, Barnet, 119
  • Kerr, Philip, 22
  • Kingston-on-Thames, 67
  • Kinnear, Michael, 6, 8, 11–12, 22, 27, 128
  • Kirkaldy Burghs (constituency), 120
  • Koss, Stephen, 5
  • Labour Party, 1–6, 9–10, 12–14 19–28, 32–4, 40, 42–4, 47–51, 54, 56, 58, 61–2, 65, 67–9, 73–4, 81, 84–94, 96–7, 104–110, 115–121, 123–5, 127–30, 132
  • Labour Press Bureau, 89–91
  • Labour Speakers Handbook, 90–91
  • Lampson, Oliver Locker, 87, 92, 98n17
  • Lancashire, 3, 12, 26, 32, 34, 53, 61, 68, 101, 103–4, 118, 120
  • League of Nations, 87, 131
  • Leeds, 7–8, 12, 33, 40, 49–51, 67, 116
  • Central (constituency), 51
  • North (constituency), 51, 119
  • North East (constituency), 51
  • South (constituency), 51, 119
  • South East (constituency), 51
  • West (constituency), 51, 119
  • Leicester, 61–62, 67, 102, 111
  • East (constituency), 61
  • Leigh, 67, 102
  • Leith, Sir Alex, 9
  • Leventhal, F. M., 86
  • Lever, Arthur, 48, 51n6
  • Liberal Party
  • Asquith, 6, 14, 20, 24, 26–7, 32, 34, 41, 43, 47–8, 50, 54–6, 61–2, 69, 78, 82, 84–5, 87–9, 103, 109, 116–19, 125–6, 128–9
  • Lloyd George/Coalition/National, 3–10, 11, 12–14, 19–22, 24–34, 40–4. 47–51, 53–9, 61–3, 65, 68–9, 71–5, 77–8, 81–2, 83–90, 92, 94–5, 97, 101–4, 107, 109–110, 115–121, 124–6, 127–9, 131–2
  • Liberal Unionists, 28, 132
  • Lincoln, 67, 86
  • Liverpool, 30, 67, 96, 125
  • Liverpool Exchange (constituency), 30
  • Lloyd George, David, 3–14, 19–20, 22–34, 39–44, 47–51, 53–6, 58, 62, 63, 72–4, 77–8, 81–4, 86–8, 92, 95, 101–4, 107, 110, 115–120, 125, 127–9, 131–2
  • Lloyd George, Meghan, 107
  • Lloyd George Archive, 7
  • London, 22, 41, 48, 54, 57–8, 68, 77–8, 91, 95, 98, 110–11
  • Long, Lord 102
  • Lorimer, Henry, 81, 121, 122n24
  • Ludlow (constituency), 78
  • Lyle-Samuel, Alexander, 118, 122n13
  • Maclain, John, 118
  • MacDonald, James Ramsay, 4, 6, 58, 90, 118, 124, 130
  • McHugh, Declan, 125
  • Maldon (constituency), 123
  • Manchester, 3, 4, 10, 32, 50–51, 65, 67, 102–3, 108, 111, 116, 125
  • manifestos, 83–5
  • housing, 85, 93
  • capital levy, 13, 88
  • disarmament, 91
  • maternity, 91
  • pensions, 91
  • reparations, 91
  • taxation, 91, 104
  • Marconi, 110–111
  • Marquand, David, 6, 90, 124
  • McCurdy, Charles, 40, 44, 71–4, 76
  • McKibbin, Ross, 6
  • Melba, Nellie, 98
  • Merthyr Tydfil, 67
  • Metropole Hotel, 111
  • Middle East, 57, 88
  • Middlesborough, 67
  • Middleton, 101
  • Midland Bank, 85
  • Midlands, 33
  • Mitcham, 49–50
  • Mond, Sir Alfred, 7, 58
  • Montagu, Edwin, 115
  • Moore-Brabazon, John 32
  • Moreing, Algernon, 63, 64n9
  • Morris, Harold, 86–7, 95, 98n12
  • Morrison, Herbert, 68
  • Mossley (constituency), 118
  • Morgan, Kenneth, 5, 12, 115
  • Mowat, Charles Loch, 4
  • Nelson (Lancs), 67
  • Nevinson, C. R. W., 93
  • Newcastle (constituency), 67, 81, 102
  • Newman, Sir Robert, 86, 98n8
  • Newport (constituency), 67, 101
  • Newport (by-election), 10
  • Northampton, 67
  • Northumberland, Duke of, 97
  • Nottingham Rushcliffe (constituency), 87
  • Norwich, 47, 61, 67–8, 97
  • Nottingham, 67, 87
  • Oldham, 67, 102–3, 117
  • Onslow Gardens, 110
  • Oswestry, 12
  • Owen, Frank, 21
  • Owen, Goronwy, 82
  • Oxford (constituency), 109
  • Oxford Circus, 110
  • Oxford University, 6
  • Oxford University (constituency), 20
  • Paisley, 101–2
  • Pall Mall Gazette, 68
  • Parliament Acts
  • Parliament Act (1911), 1
  • Representation of the People Act (1918), 21, 127
  • Peel, Lord, 102
  • Pennines, 50
  • Penryn and Falmouth (constituency), 97
  • Perth (constituency), 120
  • Peterborough, 54
  • Picadilly Circus, 110–111
  • Plymouth, 67
  • Plymouth Drake (constituency), 88
  • Poplar (constituency), 97
  • Portsmouth, 67, 102, 111
  • Powell, David, 4
  • Prescott-Decie, Cyril, 71
  • Preston, 67, 102
  • Price, Emyr, 120
  • Price, Ernest, 89
  • Pugh, Martin, 5
  • Reading, 67, 102, 111
  • Reading Observer, The, 111
  • Redhill, 111
  • Redruth (constituency), 62
  • Reigate, 111
  • Richmond, 67
  • Robertson, George, 47
  • Rotherham, 67
  • Rothermere, Lord, 41
  • Rugby, 101
  • Ruggles-Brise, Edward, 123
  • Runciman, Walter, 102
  • Russell, Betrand, 50
  • Russia, 59, 92
  • Saffron Walden, 108
  • Salford, 67
  • Salisbury, 102
  • Salisbury, Lord, 29, 101
  • Sammuels, Sammy, 71–2
  • St Helens, 67
  • St Pancras, 8, 107
  • Sanders, Robert, 40–42, 45n8
  • Sassoon, Sir Philip, 110
  • Scotland, 3, 12, 30, 32–4, 53, 57, 68, 104, 107–8, 120, 130
  • Scotsman, The, 65, 68, 107
  • Scott, Alexander MacCallum, 97
  • Scott, Sir Leslie, 30, 96
  • Scovell, G. J. S., 7, 44, 73, 129
  • Seeley, J. E. B., 47–48, 103
  • Shakespeare, Geoffrey, 116
  • Sheffield, 3–4, 8, 65, 67, 78, 102
  • Sheffield Daily Telegraph, 54, 78, 81, 119
  • Shoreditch (constituency), 88, 91, 96
  • Sinclair, Archibald, 115
  • Sinn Fein, 11
  • Smethwick (constituency), 67
  • Socialism, 3, 13, 21–2, 24, 29, 31, 34, 54, 68, 73, 84, 87, 96, 104, 120–21, 127, 131
  • Southampton (constituency), 50, 67, 97, 102, 117
  • Southend-on-Sea (constituency), 67, 108
  • Southport (constituency), 102
  • South Shields (constituency), 67
  • Southwark South-East (constituency), 48
  • Sparkes, Herbert, 91
  • Spenn Valley (constituency), 101
  • Stockport, 102
  • Stoke-on-Trent, 67
  • Stanley, Luke, 7
  • Stirling (constituency), 31
  • Sunday Post, 34
  • Sunderland, 68, 116–17
  • Surrey, 49, 111
  • Sutherland, Duke of, 49–50
  • Swansea, 58, 68, 101
  • Swindon, 68, 102
  • tariffs (Tariff Reform), 13, 33, 55–6, 83, 126, 131
  • Taunton (constituency), 32
  • Tennant, Winnifred Combe, 48, 58
  • Thackeray, David, 6, 127
  • Thurtle, Dorothy, 96
  • Thomas, J. H., 101–3
  • Times, The, 10, 49, 53, 56, 71, 78, 86, 116–17
  • Tiverton (constituency), 63, 91
  • Trafalgar Square, 110–11
  • Tregidga, Gary, 126
  • Trocadero (restaurant), 111
  • Truman, Samuel, 81, 121
  • Twickenham (constituency), 81
  • Turkey (Anglo-Turkish War), 9, 13, 25, 28, 59
  • turnout (voter), 1–2, 21, 48, 107, 110
  • Wakefield (constituency), 109
  • Wales, 32, 57, 65, 120, 130
  • Walker, William, 97
  • Wallasey (constituency), 109
  • Wallsall, 109
  • Wellingborough, 8
  • Westminster, 11, 20, 33–4, 42, 57, 77, 89, 92, 104, 110
  • Wigan, 68
  • Winteringham, Margaret, 121
  • Western Daily Press, 53
  • Western Mail, 42
  • Western Morning News, 65, 74
  • Westminster St Georges (constituency), 57
  • Weymss, Maynard Colchester, 23–4, 116, 121
  • Whitley, John, 108, 122n12
  • Williams, Francis, 6
  • Wilson, Leslie, 7, 10, 13, 26–8
  • Wilson, Trevor, 5
  • Windsor, Lord, 78
  • Wolverhampton, 68
  • women
  • candidates, 96, 121
  • women’s vote, 1, 2, 54, 91–7, 104, 107–8, 110, 121, 130
  • Worcester, 68
  • Wrexham (constituency), 57
  • Wrigley, Chris, 61
  • Woodhouse, Sir Percy, 9
  • Worthington-Evans, Sir Laming, 49, 108, 112n11
  • Yarmouth, 109
  • Yeo, Alfred, 97
  • Yorkshire Evening Post, 73
  • Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer, 97
  • Young, Edward Hilton, 47, 51n3, 61
  • Younger, Sir George, 9

Annotate

Previous
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Nonderivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) license.
Powered by Manifold Scholarship. Learn more at
Opens in new tab or windowmanifoldapp.org