Select list of sources

Private papers and archives

• Addison, Christopher, Bodleian Library
• Ammon, Charles, Hull History Centre
• Asquith, Herbert, Bodleian Library
• Balfour, 1st Earl of, National Records of Scotland
• Beaverbrook, 1st Baron, Parliamentary Archives
• Birmingham Parliamentary Elections 1918–22, Local Studies and History Department, Birmingham Central Library
• Bonar Law, Andrew, Parliamentary Archives
• Bonham Carter, Lady Violet, Bodleian Library
• Bridgeman, William, Shropshire Archives
• British Pathé Film Archive
• Bull, William, Churchill College Cambridge
• Chamberlain, Austen, Cadbury Research Library: Special Collections, Birmingham University
• Chamberlain, Neville, Cadbury Research Library: Special Collections, Birmingham University
• Churchill, Winston, Churchill College Cambridge
• Chatfield-Clarke, Sir Edgar, Isle of Wight Record Office.
• Communist Party Archive, People’s History Museum
• Conservative Party Archive, Bodleian Library
• Conservative and Unionist Association (Cambourne Division), Kresen Kernow
• Conservative and Unionist Association (Lincoln Division), Lincolnshire Record Office
• Conservative and Unionist Association (Ludlow Division), Shropshire Archives
• Coombe Tennant, Winifred (South Glamorgan Archives Service)
• Lloyd George, David, Parliamentary Archives
• Lothian, 11th Marquess, National Records of Scotland
• Gilmour, John, of Lundin, Fife and Montrave, South Walton, Renfrewshire National Records of Scotland
• Hylton, 3rd Baron, Somerset Heritage Centre
• Labour Party Archive, People’s History Museum
• Liberal Association (East Dorset), Dorset History Centre
• National Archives
• Newdegate, Francis, National Library of Australia
• Palme Dutt, Rajani, People’s History Museum
• Ruggles-Brise, Edward, Essex Record Office
• Scott, Leslie, Modern Records Centre, University of Warwick
• Scovell, G. J. S., Lloyd George Archive
• Templewood, 1st Viscount, Cambridge University Library
• Underground Electric Railway Company Ltd, London Transport Museum
• Weigall Manuscripts, Kent Archive Service
• Wilson, Leslie, Fryer Library, University of Queensland
• Weymss, Maynard Colchester, Gloucester Archives
• Worthington-Evans, Laming, Bodleian Library

Contemporary publications, printed private papers, diaries, memoirs

• Boyce, George, ed. The Crisis of British Unionism: Lord Selborne’s Domestic Political Papers, 1885–1922. London: The Historians Press, 1987.
• Clynes, J. R. Memoirs 1869–1924. London: Hutchinson & Co., 1937.
• Gilbert, Martin, ed. Winston S. Churchill: Companion Volume 4, part 3. London: Heinemann, London, 1977.
• Hoare, Samuel. Empire of the Air. London: Collins, 1967.
• Humphreys, John H. Practical Aspects of Electoral Reform: A Study of the General Election, 1922. London: P. S. King & Son, 1923.
• Middlemas, Keith, ed. Thomas Jones: Whitehall Diary, vols 1–3. London: Oxford University Press, 1969–71.
• Ramsden, John, ed. Real Old Tory Politics: The Political Diaries of Robert Sanders, Lord Bayford 1910–1935. London: The Historians Press, 1984.
• Riddell, Lord. Lord Riddell’s Intimate Diary of the Peace Conference and After 1918–1923. London: Victor Gollancz, 1933.
• Self, Robert, ed. The Austen Chamberlain Diary Letters (1916–1937). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.
• Taylor, A. J. P., ed. Lloyd George: A Diary by Frances Stevenson. London: Hutchinson, 1971.
• Thorpe, Andrew, and Richard Toye, eds. Parliament and Politics in the Age of Asquith and Lloyd George: The Diaries of Cecil Harmsworth MP, 1909–1922. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016.
• Wilson, Trevor, ed. The Political Diaries of C.P. Scott 1911–1928. London: Collins, 1970.

Newspapers

Arbroath Herald

Belfast News-Letter

Belfast Telegraph

Chelmsford Chronicle

Cornubian and Redruth Times

Daily Express

Daily Mail

Daily Mirror

Dublin Evening Telegraph

Exeter and Plymouth Gazette

Daily Herald

Derby Daily Telegraph

Gloucestershire Echo

Gloucester Journal

Hampshire Independent

Hampshire Telegraph

Hull Daily Mail

Isle of Wight Observer

Leamington Spa Courier

Nottingham Journal

Pall Mall Gazette

Portsmouth Evening News

Reading Observer

The Scotsman

Sheffield Daily Telegraph

Sheffield Independent

South Notts Echo

Sunday Post

The Times

Western Daily Press

Western Mail

Western Morning News

The Western Morning News and Mercury

Westminster Gazette

Yorkshire Evening Post

Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer

Books

• Adams, R. J. Q. Bonar Law. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1999.
• Adelman, Paul. The Decline of the Liberal Party, 1910–1931. London: Routledge, 1995.
• Ball, Alan R. British Political Parties: The Emergence of a Modern Party System. London: Palgrave, 1987.
• Ball, Stuart. The Conservative Party and British Politics 1902–1951. New York: Routledge, 2013.
• Beaverbrook, Lord. The Decline and Fall of Lloyd George. New York: Duell, Sloan and Pearce, 1963.
• Bentley, Michael. The Liberal Mind, 1914–1929. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1977.
• Blake, Robert. The Conservative Party from Peel to Churchill. London: Fontana, 1972.
• Blake, Robert. The Unknown Prime Minister: The Life and Times of Andrew Bonar Law 1858–1923. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1955.
• Cook, Chris. The Age of Alignment: Electoral Politics in Britain 1922–1929. London: Macmillan, 1975.
• Cook, Chris. A Short History of the Liberal Party 1900–1984. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1984.
• Cook, Chris, and John Stevenson. A History of British Elections Since 1689. London: Routledge, 2014.
• Cowling, Maurice. The Impact of Labour, 1920–1924: The Beginning of Modern British Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1971.
• Cregier, Don M. ‘Lloyd George’s Lucre: The National Liberal Fund’. In Chiefs without Indians: Asquith, Lloyd George and the Liberal Remnant, by Don M. Cregier, 113–47. Washington D.C.: University Press of America, 1982.
• Cuthbert, D. D. ‘Lloyd George and the Conservative Central Office, 1918–22’. In Lloyd George: Twelve Essays, edited by A. J. P. Taylor, 167–87. London: Hamilton, 1971.
• Davies, S. Liverpool Labour: Social and Political Influences on the Development of the Labour Party, 1900–1939. Keele: Keele University Press, 1996.
• Dutton, David. A History of the Liberal Party Since 1900, 2nd edition. Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2013.
• Gilbert, Martin. Winston S. Churchill. Official Biography, vol. 4: 1917–1922. London: Heinemann, 1975.
• Griffiths, Clare, Labour and the Countryside: The Politics of Rural Britain, 1918–39 Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007.
• Holford, John. Reshaping Labour: Organization, Work and Politics in Edinburgh in the Great War and After. New York: Croom Helm, 1988.
• Howell, David. MacDonald’s Party: Labour Identities and Crisis 1922–1931. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.
• Jenkins, Roy. The Chancellors. London: Papermac, 1999.
• Kinnear, Michael. The Fall of Lloyd George: The Political Crisis of 1922. London: Macmillan, 1973.
• Koss, Stephen. Asquith. London: Allen Lane, 1976.
• Laybourn, Keith, and Jack Reynold. Liberalism and the Rise of Labour 1890–1918. London: Croom Helm, 1984.
• Leventhal, F. M. Arthur Henderson. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1989.
• Marquand, David. Ramsay MacDonald. London, Jonathan Cape, 1977.
• McCrillis, Neal R. The British Conservative Party in the Age of Universal Suffrage: Popular Conservatism, 1918–1929. Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1998.
• McHugh, Declan. Labour in the City: The Development of the Labour Party in Manchester, 1918–31. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2006.
• McKibbin, Ross. The Evolution of the Labour Party 1910–1924. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1974.
• McLean, Ian. The Legend of Red Clydeside. Edinburgh: John Donald, 1983.
• Morgan, Kenneth O. Consensus and Disunity: The Lloyd George Coalition Government 1918–22. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1979.
• Morgan, Kenneth O. ‘Lloyd George’s Stage Army: The Coalition Liberals, 1918–22’. In Lloyd George: Twelve Essays, edited by A. J. P. Taylor, 225–54. London: Hamilton, 1971.
• Mowat, Charles Loch. Britain Between the Wars. London: Methuen, 1955.
• Owen, Frank. Tempestuous Journey: Lloyd George, His Life and Times. London: Hutchinson, 1954.
• Powell, David. British Politics, 1910–35: The Crisis of the Party System. London: Routledge, 2004.
• Pugh, Martin. Lloyd George. London: Longman, 1988.
• Pugh, Martin. Speak for Britain! A New History of the Labour Party. London: The Bodley Head, 2010.
• Ramsden, John. The Age of Balfour and Baldwin, 1902–1940. London: Longman, 1978.
• Ramsden, John. An Appetite for Power: A History of the Conservative Party since 1830. London: Harper Collins, 1998.
• Rees, Rosemary. Britain, 1890–1939. London: Heinemann, 2003.
• Searle, G. R. A New England? Peace and War 1886–1918. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
• Tanner, Duncan. ‘Class Voting and Radical Politics: The Liberal and Labour Parties, 1910–31’. In Party, State and Society: Electoral Behaviour in Britain since 1920, edited by Jon Lawrence and Miles Taylor, 106–30. Aldershot: Scolar, 1997.
• Thackeray, David. Conservatism for the Democratic Age: Conservative Cultures and the Challenge of Mass Politics in Early Twentieth Century England. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2013.
• Thorpe, Andrew. A History of the British Labour Party. Basingstoke: Palgrave, 1997.
• Tregidga, Gary. The Liberal Party in South-West Britain Since 1918: Political Decline, Dormancy and Rebirth. Exeter: University of Exeter Press, 2000.
• Watts, Duncan. Stanley Baldwin and the Search for Consensus. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1996.
• Williams, Francis. Fifty Years’ March: The Rise of the Labour Party. London: Odhams, 1950.
• Wilson, Trevor. The Downfall of the Liberal Party. London: Collins, 1966.
• Worley, Matthew. The Foundations of the British Labour Party: Identities, Cultures and Perspectives 1900–39. London: Routledge, 2016.
• Worley, Matthew. Labour’s Grass Roots: Essays on the Activities of Local Labour Parties and Members, 1918–45. London: Ashgate, 2005.
• Wrigley, Chris. ‘Coalition Blues: The Conservatives, the Liberals and Conservative-Liberal Coalitions in Britain since 1895’. In The Foundations of the British Conservative Party: Essays on Conservatism from Lord Salisbury to David Cameron, edited by Bradley W. Hart and Richard Carr, 153–74. London: Bloomsbury, 2013.
• Wrigley, Chris. Lloyd George and the Challenge of Labour: The Post-War Coalition 1918–1922. Hemel Hempstead: Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1990.

Articles

• Beers, Laura D. ‘Punting on the Thames: Electoral Betting in Interwar Britain’, Journal of Contemporary History 45, no. 2 (2010): 282–314.
• Close, David. ‘Conservatives and Coalition after the First World War’, Journal of Modern History 45, no. 2 (1973): 240–60.
• Douglas, Roy. ‘The Background to the “Coupon” Election Arrangements’, English Historical Review, 86 (1971): 318–36.
• Freeman, Gavin J. ‘The Decline of the Liberal Party in the Heart of England: The Liberals in Leicestershire, 1914–24’, Historical Research 89, no. 3 (2016): 531–49.
• Freeman, Gavin J. ‘The Liberal Party and the Impact of the 1918 Reform Act’, Parliamentary History 37, no. 1 (2018): 47–63.
• Graham Jones, J. ‘The “Coaly Libs” and the “Wee Frees”: Cardiganshire politics 1920–24’, Ceredigion, Part 1 in 17, no. 3 (2015): 129–70, and Part 2 in 17, no. 4 (2016): 83–112.
• McEwen, John M. ‘The Coupon Election of 1918 and Unionist Members of Parliament’, Journal of Modern History 34, no. 3 (1962): 294–306.
• McGill, Barry. ‘Lloyd George’s Timing of the 1918 Election’, Journal of British Studies 14, no. 1 (1974): 109–24.
• Murray, Bruce. ‘A New Age of Lloyd George Studies’, South African Historical Journal 5, no. 1 (1973): 109–20.
• Price, Emyr. ‘Labour’s “Breakthrough” in Caernarfon County in 1922: The Election of R T Jones to Westminster’, Caernarvonshire Historical Transactions 64 (2003): 94–119.
• Sloan, Geoffrey. ‘Hide Seek and Negotiate: Alfred Cope and Counter Intelligence in Ireland 1919–1921’, Intelligence and National Security 33, no. 2 (2018): 176–95.
• Stanley, Luke. ‘The Rebel Chief Whip: The Role of Leslie Wilson in the Fall of the Lloyd George Coalition, 1922’, Parliamentary History 38, no. 2 (2019): 224–43.
• Walker, William M. ‘Dundee’s Disenchantment with Churchill: A Comment upon the Downfall of the Liberal Party’, The Scottish Historical Review 49, no. 147, Pt. 1 (1970): 85–108.
• Wilson, Trevor. ‘The Coupon and the British General Election of 1918’, Journal of Modern History 36, no. 2 (1964): 28–42.

Unpublished theses

• Kinnear, Michael. ‘The British General Election of 1922’, D.Phil, University of Oxford, 1965.