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table of contents
  1. Series Page
  2. Title Page
  3. Copyright
  4. Contents
  5. List of illustrations
  6. Acknowledgements
  7. Introduction: waterscapes
  8. 1. Remaking the countryside: urban engineering and the pursuit of water
  9. 2. Slips and spillages: reservoirs and the environment
  10. 3. Seeing the wood for the trees: afforestation and managing water supply
  11. 4. Romantic waterscapes: the development of cultural landscapes
  12. 5. All play and no fun: waterworks and the pursuit of leisure
  13. 6. Urban intrusion: community in the urban/rural hinterland
  14. Conclusion: going back for more: urban demand on the rural environment
  15. Bibliography
  16. Index

Index

A

  • Acts of Parliament
  • Leeds Corporation Water Order, 1960, 40
  • Leeds Corporation Waterworks Act, 1867, 28
  • Water Resources Act, 1963, 39
  • afforestation, 15, 86–7, 71–90, 151, 171, 172, 173, 179
  • Acland, Sir Francis, 83, 84
  • Acland Report, 73
  • agricultural shows, 86
  • benefits of, 71, 73, 778
  • breeds of tree, 78, 87, 179
  • characterisation of unemployed labour, 79–83, 179–80
  • civic education, 86, 177
  • Forestry Commission, 16, 72, 73, 83, 85, 86, 87, 89–90
  • loss of farming land, 84, 86
  • national, 72, 73, 83
  • private, 73
  • Royal Commission on, 83
  • use of unemployed labour, 16, 72, 73, 74–83, 89
  • working conditions, 75, 78–81, 89
  • Aitken, Russel, 54–5
  • Alexandra, Queen, 36
  • amenity, 4, 14, 24, 31, 82, 87–8, 96, 117
  • preservationists, 87–8, 111, 147
  • angling, 16–17, 103, 120–8, 174
  • access to, 120–124, 127–8
  • citizenship, 174
  • development of, 120–121
  • fly fishing, 117
  • participation, 120–122, 127–8
  • societies, 123–8
  • species of fish, 123
  • and waterworks management, 123–8, 138
  • Association of Water Engineers, 171

B

  • Bala Lake, 30–32, 158
  • Bateman, J.F. LaTrobe, 6, 30–31, 35
  • Bradford, 26, 154
  • British Waterworks Association, 71, 86
  • Birmingham
  • Waterworks Company, 34–5
  • Bristol, 6, 25, 178
  • Burns, John, 74, 81

C

  • Campaign for the Preservation of Rural England, 87, 88, 162
  • Capel Celyn, 40, 159–60, 165, 173, 179–80
  • civic identity, 9–10, 42–3, 111–12, 117–18, 122–3, 127–8, 138, 172, 176–9
  • civic pride, 15, 16, 42, 71–2, 82, 84, 85, 89, 96, 104, 122, 127–8, 176–9
  • civic rivalry, 31, 101
  • Claerwen Valley, 3, 35, 41, 98, 156
  • Cil-Oerwynt, 35
  • Dol y Mynach, 35
  • Pany y Beddau, 35
  • Reservoir, 41, 58–60, 64, 165, 172, 177, 180
  • Clarke, Sir Andrew, 54–5
  • community, 17, 146, 173
  • decline of rural life, 147–55, 159, 161–4, 165
  • entertainment, 148, 150, 154
  • feasts, 148–51, 154, 165
  • friendly societies, 150–151, 154, 165
  • participation, 148–49, 152–5
  • religion, 148–9
  • tenant farmers, 152–5, 164, 173
  • Co-operative Holiday Association, 130–131
  • cultural landscape, 163, 172, 174, 176, 182
  • aesthetic appearance of, 98, 99–106
  • defence of rural idyll, 106–9
  • nature writing, 112
  • picturesque, 98–99, 103, 109, 120, 133
  • place promotion ,100
  • romanticism, 16, 96, 98–9, 103, 106, 108–9, 110–11, 113, 128, 130, 175–6, 180
  • rural nostalgia, 106–9, 113, 164, 176
  • urban improvement of, 96, 100, 102, 103–6, 111

D

  • Deacon, George, 30, 33–4, 54
  • Derwent Valley
  • afforestation of, 86, 88
  • Dickinson, John, 146–8, 150–2, 155, 161, 164, 165
  • Dresser, C.L., 51, 53
  • Duncan, Thomas, 30

E

  • Edward VII, King, 36
  • Elan Valley
  • afforestation of, 74, 84–5, 88, 90, 180
  • Caban Coch, 35–6, 96, 121, 138
  • Craig Goch, 35, 121
  • Cwm Elan, 98
  • Garreg Ddu, 35–6
  • Pen-y-Garreg, 35–6, 121
  • Elizabeth II, Queen, 42
  • engineering expertise, 51–7
  • environment, 10–12, 12–14, 179–81
  • climate change, 1, 181
  • ecology, 65, 72, 73, 78, 112, 138, 179–80
  • progressive narrative of, 3–4, 59, 62, 65, 102

F

  • Fawkes, F.H., 27, 28, 119, 121
  • Fawkes, Walter, 97
  • Filliter, Edward, 26–7, 51–2, 57, 102
  • Fisher, William, 75–8
  • flooding, 12, 17, 40, 42, 49, 50, 51, 60, 73, 102, 106, 156–9, 163, 164, 165, 176
  • destruction to property, 50
  • loss of life, 50

G

  • Glasgow, 101
  • guidebooks, 104–6, 108–9, 111
  • Bogg, Edmund, 105
  • Bradley, Tom, 104–5
  • Morton, H.V., 106
  • Priestley, J.B., 106, 161
  • Speight, Harry, 105–6

H

  • Hawksley, Thomas, 6, 15, 27, 30–34, 43, 51–2, 54, 55, 57, 122
  • hinterland exchange, 2, 14, 50, 72, 84, 113, 118, 172, 180
  • housing, 37
  • Huddersfield, 123
  • Hull, 123

J

  • Johnstown, 55–7, 66

L

  • Labour Party
  • afforestation, 80–81
  • water nationalisation, 7, 39
  • Labour movement, 74, 79–80
  • Lake District, 4, 16, 17, 27, 30–33, 37, 41, 51, 87, 96, 101, 105, 128, 136, 155
  • Haweswater, 30–33
  • Helvellyn, 97, 130
  • Ullswater, 30–32
  • Windermere, 30–32, 41, 97
  • land purchases, 40, 75, 84, 119–20, 121, 132, 151–2, 156, 161, 173, 179
  • Leeds
  • Town Hall, 9, 36
  • ‘Leeds Lake District’, 16, 101–3, 105, 113, 163, 177
  • Waterworks Company, 24, 25
  • leisure
  • access, 175
  • boating, 105, 121
  • citizenship, 16–17, 118, 126–8, 135–6, 138, 174
  • and civic pride, 178
  • class, 16–17, 118, 124–5, 127–8, 135–6, 138–9, 174, 175
  • development of, 172, 182
  • gender, 118, 127–8, 131–2, 135–6, 138, 175
  • shooting, 118–20
  • Llyn Celyn, 3, 17, 40–41, 146, 159, 162, 163
  • Local Government Board, 78, 81
  • London, 7
  • Metropolitan Water Board, 25
  • Royal Commission on the Supply of Water, 1869, 31, 35

M

  • Manchester, 4, 6–7, 32, 58, 109, 123, 134, 155
  • Haweswater Reservoir, 37–8, 58, 133, 134
  • Thirlmere Defence Association, 4, 121
  • Thirlmere Reservoir, 4, 6, 24, 31, 97, 101, 107, 108–9, 112, 121, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 172, 175, 182
  • Ullswater, 41, 182
  • Mansergh, James, 35
  • municipal government
  • finances, 26–7, 32–4, 73
  • municipalisation of water supply, 6–7, 24, 25, 27, 30, 35
  • utilities, 24

N

  • Nantgwyllt, 96, 98, 106, 111, 160
  • national parks, 59, 136
  • Newcastle, 6, 25, 178
  • newspaper reporting, 53, 61–5, 86, 99–104, 108, 111, 119, 122, 130, 132
  • correspondence, 78–83, 84, 126–7, 135–6, 151–5, 161–2

O

  • opposition to reservoirs, 1–2, 35, 40, 41, 181
  • aesthetic, 41, 175
  • ecological, 41
  • Evans, Gwynfor, 158
  • local, 41, 175
  • Welsh nationalist, 41, 146, 155, 157–60, 162, 163, 165, 174, 176, 182

P

  • Parkinson, Reverend Thomas, 107–8, 147
  • parliamentary process, 6–7, 27, 32, 39, 40, 55, 120, 137, 145, 155, 156
  • Parry, Joseph, 71, 73–4
  • Pope, Alexander, 81–3
  • Promethean project, 4, 11, 23, 49, 60, 82, 84, 111, 118, 160, 165, 179–81
  • public health, 5–6, 8, 24–5, 35, 42

R

  • Ramblers’ Federation
  • Lake District, 133, 134
  • West Riding, 133–7
  • rambling, 16–17, 117, 128–37, 174
  • access to, 128–37, 138
  • citizenship, 174
  • class, 128–32, 134–6
  • hikers, 133, 134–6, 138
  • participation, 130–132
  • politics, 130–131
  • Rawlinson, Robert, 34–5
  • Regional Water Board, 24, 39, 112, 177
  • reservoirs
  • aesthetic impact of, 59, 61, 82
  • agriculture,173
  • architecture, 64
  • Bilberry, 50–51, 66
  • Burrator, 85, 99
  • Clatworthy, 60–61
  • Cow Green, 41, 59, 163
  • Dale Dike, 25, 49, 50–51, 57, 66
  • disasters, 49, 50–51, 55–7, 66, 179
  • earthen-embankment, 64, 99, 101
  • Eccup, 26, 29
  • environmental impact of, 50–57, 59–60, 61–5
  • Eye Brook, 85
  • Fens, 1–2
  • Gileppe, 171
  • Gorton, 121
  • gravitation, 49, 171, 173
  • infrastructure, 42, 50, 59–62, 172, 175, 177, 182
  • infrastructure failure, 56–7
  • Kielder, 59, 172
  • Ladybower, 88, 133, 160
  • Leighton, 37–8, 58
  • Loch Katrine, 101, 103
  • masonry, 54, 171
  • pumping, 173
  • Rivington, 30, 32, 121
  • Rutland Water, 39, 112, 156, 163, 176
  • South East Strategic Reservoir Option, 2
  • South Lincolnshire, 1–2
  • Shustoke, 35
  • South Fork, 55
  • Toddbrook, 49
  • Yarrow, 30
  • riparian rights, 27, 32
  • rivers
  • Burn, 26
  • Ceiriog, 158
  • Claerwen, 34, 58
  • Conemaugh, 55
  • Dee, 30, 56, 158
  • Derwent,104
  • Elan, 34
  • Elfe, 56
  • Hodder, 30
  • Laver, 26
  • Nidd, 26, 104
  • Ribble, 30
  • Tryweryn, 40, 158–60, 163, 164, 165, 174, 176, 182
  • Washburn, 26
  • Wharfe, 26, 51, 104
  • Wyre, 30, 31
  • rural depopulation, 108, 118, 145, 147, 151, 155, 157, 159–161 163, 173–4
  • rural modernism, 4–5, 13–14, 64, 96, 109–11, 155, 157–60, 175–6, 178

S

  • second nature, 4, 24, 49, 88, 104, 181
  • Sheffield, 11, 25, 27, 49
  • Shelley, Percy, 96, 98, 106, 111, 160
  • shooting, 118–20
  • decline of, 119–20
  • development of, 118
  • participation in, 119
  • and waterworks schemes, 119
  • socionature, 2, 11, 12–13, 57, 65, 106, 111, 179–81, 182

T

  • taming the wilderness, 23, 42, 49–50, 53, 56–7, 59, 61–6, 103–4, 172, 179–80
  • Turner, J. M. W., 96–8

U

  • urban growth, 37–8, 65, 157, 171, 177–8
  • urban metabolism, 72

V

  • Vyrnwy
  • afforestation of, 71, 73–4, 83–8, 89–90
  • hotel, 119, 122–3, 124, 138
  • Llanwddyn, 156, 160

W

  • Walsingham, Lord, 119, 123
  • Washburn Valley
  • afforestation of, 71, 74–83, 89–90
  • construction of reservoirs, 28
  • Farnley Hall, 97–8, 151
  • Fewston, 26, 28–9, 52, 121, 149, 179–80
  • Fewston village, subsidence of, 51–3, 66, 108, 148–149, 155, 179
  • fax industry, 104, 108, 161
  • Lindley Wood, 26, 27, 28–9, 51, 105, 119, 133
  • River, 104
  • Robinson Library, 149–50, 153
  • Swinsty, 26, 28–9, 51, 108, 121, 149, 180
  • Tenant Farmers’ Association, 152–5, 164, 165
  • Thruscross, 17, 26, 28–9, 40, 41–2, 60–65, 105, 160–164, 165, 172, 174
  • West End, 40, 60, 160–164, 165, 174, 179
  • water
  • compensation, 31
  • consumer politics, 58
  • consumption, 30, 58, 181
  • demand for, 11, 30, 35, 38–9, 158, 161, 181
  • drought, 1, 12, 9, 35, 37, 39, 57–8, 73, 164, 178, 181
  • governmentality, 8–9
  • pollution abatement, 40, 73, 75, 84, 120–121, 125, 134, 173, 179
  • privatisation, 112
  • Williams, Emlyn, 156–158, 160, 162
  • The Last Days of Dolywn, 156–8, 160, 162, 165, 176
  • Wordsworth, William, 96

Y

  • Yorkshire Water, 178
  • Young, Francis Brett, 95–6, 109–11, 159, 176
  • The House Under the Water, 95–6, 109–11, 159, 176

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