Index
’91 Art Club, 151
administrative work see clerical work
age and professional identities, 4, 235, 260–1, 272, 287, 290
Allen, Roy, 295
American Women’s Hospitals, 172–3
anticolonialism, 32
Apollo, 153
Architectural Review, 126, 137, 148
architectural professions, 5, 11fn28, 23, 158, 245, 289, 291fn9, 294
archives
women as archival researchers in, 159, 269, 277–8
women as archivists in, 279–80
of women’s professional work, 25, 127, 153–4, 260–2, 330–1
reflections on research in, 35, 37, 128, 234, 236, 305, 306, 330
Armstrong, Henry, 79
Arts and Crafts Exhibition Society, 140, 147, 151
Arts and Crafts movement, 34, chapter 5
Art Workers’ Guild, 131
Ashton, Frederick, 223, 225, 228–9, 231
Association of Headmistresses, 287–8, 293–4
Astafieva, Serafina, 218
Aster, Sidney, 260fn117
Australian Ballet, 232
Avenol, Joseph, 200
ayahs, 30
Ayrton, Hertha, 33, 63, 67, 74–9, 81–2, 84–5, 113, 115, 327, 329
Ayrton, William (husband), 63, 75, 79
bachelors, 80, 93, 122, 131, 137–8
Ballet Club, 223. See also Rambert, Marie
Ballet Russes, 206, 209–10, 212–18, 221–5, 226–9. See also Diaghilev, Serge
Baly, Monica, 272
Banks, Olive, 17
Barrow, Florence, 169
Batey, Mavis, 272
BBC, 37, 158, 229, 270, 283, 284, 324. See also broadcasting
Empire Service, 283
women employed in, 169, 234, 240, 247–8, 263
Bedford College, London 245, 266, 274. See also University of London
Bell, Vanessa, 222
Benois, Alexandre, 210
Beveridge, William, 259
Bewicke, Hilda, 212
Bickerdike, Rhoda, 125, 128, 131, 148fn63, 149–54
Birkbeck College, 81
Birmingham Repertory Theatre, 219
Blake, William, 223
Blennerhassett, Lady Mary, 197, 200, 201, 202
Bliss, Arthur, 205
Boalth, Anny, 222
Bodichon, Barbara, 75
Bressey, Caroline, 31
British Astronomical Association, 65
British Council, 229
British Empire, 30, 89, 91, 93, 122fn40, 207, 277, 279, 283, 328. See also imperialism
British Federation of University Women (BFUW), 287–9, 291, 295, 299, 301–2
Graduate Women at Work project, 293, 295
British Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO), 35, 193, 277, 280–1, 305, 327
bar on homosexuality in, 306, 308, 320
influence of US State Department on, 312–16, 318–20
Positive Vetting (PV) in, 309, 312, 317–19, 321–3
British and Foreign Sailors’ Society, 151
British Museum Reading Room, 277, 279, 282–3
British Quarterly Review, 46
British Universities Ambulance Unit, 174
broadcasting, 23, 282–4. See also BBC
Broome, Dorothy, 269
Brotherston, John, 295
Brotherton Library, University of Leeds, 154
Brownell Murphy, Denis, 45
Buss, Frances Mary, 160
Cadogan Committee, 312
Callen, Anthea, 128
Camargo Society, 222–3, 225, 227, 228
Cambridge Arts Theatre, 229
Cambridge Festival Theatre, 219–20
Cambridge Group for the History of Population and Social Structure, 280
‘Cambridge Five’ spies, 309–11
Cambridge University Women’s Appointments Board, 245
Candler, Muriel, 172
Caravan Club, 152
careers advice, 7–8, 163–4, 178–80, 231, 245–8, 292
careers, concepts of, 9fn22, 10–11, 26, 29, 157, 162, 261, 330–1
Carnegie Trust, 245
Carter, Violet Bonham, 169
Central Bureau for the Employment of Women, 246
Central Newcastle High School for Girls, 155
Chancery Lane, 36, 107–9, 110fn10, 112–14, 119, 120fn38, 124
Chelsea Arts Club, 131
Cherry, Grace, 150
childcare, 298–9. See also motherhood
Christianity, 30, 34, 45, 51fn40, 59–60, 95, 151, 168–9
Christian Science Monitor, 133–4
Churchill Archives Centre (CAC), 234–5, 260–2
City and Guilds Technical Institute, 74
civil service, 7, 8, 10fn26, 22, 27, 37, 158–9, 162, 183, 191–2, 233, 239, 245, 274, 280–1, 289, 292, 312, 314, 316
Cižek, Franz, 167
Clare, Augustus, 54
Clark, Jane, 259
Clarke, Mary Gavin, 159
clerical work, 22, 102–3, 108, 190–5, 200–1, 280
Clifford, Lady Anne, 264
clothing, 11, 116, 136, 153, 157, 170, 177, 179, 240, 253
Cobden-Sanderson, T. J., 140
Cold War, 285, 308–12, 315, 318, 323
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 52–3
Communist Party of Great Britain, 275
Conservative Party, 185, 299, 311
Corelli, Marie, 141
Courtney, Kate, 169
Courtney, Leonard, 117
Crabb, Lionel (‘Buster’), 310
Crawford, Patricia, 279
Crisp, Olga, 279
Crowdy, Rachel, 181–3, 185, 187, 189–90, 194, 197–9
Dale, Margaret, 230
Darwin, Charles, 65
Darwinist ideas, 74
Davidoff, Leonore, 18, 94fn25, 274
Davies, Muriel, 164
Davin, Anna, 275
Dawson, Edith Brearey, 34, chapter 5
Dawson, Nelson, 34, chapter 5, 327
Dearmer, Mabel, 172
Denning, Lord Thomas, 310
de Madariaga, Isabel, 279
de Valois, Ninette, chapter 8
de Staël, Germaine, 43, 44, 50–1, 53
Diaghilev, Serge, 206, 214–15, 216–17, 222, 225. See also Ballet Russes
diaries, 73, 91, 103, 123, 152–4, chapter 9, 264, 293–7
Dilke, Charles, 120
diplomatic service, chapter 12
Dodd, Arthur, 263
domesticity
constraints of, 93
relationship to professional identities, 66, 72, 77–8, 90, 125–6, 129, 145, 150, 157, 227–8, 250, 299
women’s histories of, 25, 282–3
domestic servants, 16–17, 20, 30, 109, 112, 116, 125fn1, 148–50, 154, 291, 331
Drummond, Sir Eric, 190–1, 192, 193–4, 196, 197, 198–9
Dubsky, Trudl, 222
Duffy’s Hibernian Magazine, 44
Eastlake, Elizabeth, 33–4, 42, 43, 44, 46–8, 55–7, 59
Eastlake, Charles (husband), 46, 48, 56
Rigby, Edward (father), 46, 48
Economic History Society, 266
Edgbaston Church of England College for Girls, 165
Edinburgh Review, 43
education, 13. See also teaching
Montessori movement in, 165
women’s, 13, 81, 107, 129, 158–61, 265–8, 288, 302
Eliot, George, 75
Elliott, Patricia, 293
enamels, 137, 140, 141–2, 145, 146, 150, 154
English Woman’s Journal, 45
Entomological Society, 71
equal pay, 192, 194fn20, 289, 302. See also finances of women professionals
Espinosa, Eduoard, 212
Ethnological Society, 65
Evans, Edwin, 222
Fabian Women’s Group, 273, 292
Farjeon, Annabel, 231
fathers of professionals, 45, 46, 70, 81, 155, 158, 166, 211, 225, 233, 269, 316–17
feminisms, 16, 32, 38, 115, 182, 197, 246, 264, 266, 276, chapter 11
finances of women professionals. See also equal pay
income from investments or inheritance, 84, 119, 172–3, 301
salaries or paid expenses for work, 5–6, 42, 45–6, 66, 71, 111–13, 116–19, 122–3, 129–30, 137, 157–8, 192–3, 221, 247
Finsbury Park Technical College, 75
First World War, 38, 63, 66, 92, 97–9, 122, 138, 156, 166, 168–9, 171, 173, 183, 206, 212, 218, 233, 253, 270, 289, 327
Fisher, Alexander, 143
Fletcher, Sheila, 272
Florence, Mary Sargant, 152
Fokine, Michel, 210
Fonteyn, Margot, 224–5, 227, 230
Fountaine, Margaret, 73
France, 29, 167, 169, 173, 179, 183, 185, 199, 212
Freeman, Edward Augustus, 269
friendship and professional identities, 48, 54, 92, 122, 135–6, 138, 155, 214fn36, 235, 242, 249, 252, 259, 261
Fry, Margery, 169
Fry, Sophia, 116
Gandhi, Mohandas, 101
Garsington Manor, Oxfordshire, 233
gay men, 225–6, chapter 12
Geikie, Archibald, 79
generational identities, 4, 84, 103, 156–8, 267–8, 296. See also age and professional identities
General Election (1880), 131
Ginesi, Edna, 222
Girton College, Cambridge, 75, 112, 114, 159, 162, 164, 267. See also University of Cambridge
Gissing, George, 119, 120, 123
Gladstone, Catherine, 116
Gladstone, Herbert, 118
Glasgow, Mary, 246
Godber, Joyce, 280
Godfrey, Freda, 165
Goethe, 52
Good Words, 60
Gordon, Gavin, 227
Gothic Revival, 95
Grant, Duncan, 214
Graphic, 143
Gray, Terence, 219
Greene, Graham, 257
Grey, Beryl, 224
Hadow Report (1926), 161
Halcyon Club, 152
Hall, Hubert, 279
Hamilton, Mary Agnes (‘Molly’), 36–37, chapter 9, 330
Adamson, Margaret (mother), 233
Adamson, Margot Robert (sister), 242
Adamson, Robert (father), 233
Hamilton, Charles Joseph (husband), 233
Hammond, J. L., 179
Hankey, Sir Maurice, 190
happiness, 38, 156, 159, 177–8, 332
Harris, Constance, 196
Haskell, Arnold, 210, 224–6, 230
Haverfield, Evelina, 171
Hazlitt, William, 41, 44, 48–9, 57
healthcare professions, 2, 5, 7, 21–2, 30, 89, 110, 158–62, 166, 172, 206fn3, 289–91, 294, 298, 300
Heeley, Anne, 271
Hellman, Ilse, 248
heteronormativity, 34, 226, 306–7
Historical Association, 270
Hogarth, William, 227
Holman Hunt, William, 44
homosexuality see gay men; lesbians
Horne, Phyllis, 196
Horner, Susan, 62
Howard, André, 223
Hubback, Judith, 288, 294, 296, 298
humanitarianism see refugees; service
Hume, Margaret, 169
Imperial College London, 66, 77
imperialism, 30, 35–6, 87, 100, 166, 190, 276–9. See also British empire
Imperial Society of Teachers of Dancing, 218
income of professionals see finances of professionals
Independent Labour Party, 253
India, 28, 32, 102, 115, 166, 197
India Office, 101
Inns of Court, London, 34, chapter 3, 111–13, 327
Institution of Electrical Engineers, 78
Institute of Historical Research, 276, 279, 281
intellectual aristocracy, 3
International Commission for War Refugees, 178. See also refugees
International Labour Organization, 195
international relations, chapter 12
women’s role in, chapter 7, 330
International Women’s Suffrage Alliance, 198
Ireland, 45, 118, 128, 166, 208, 220, 264fn5
Irish police, 124
Home Rule for, 116
women’s education in, 75, 124fn46
Italy, 29, 50–1, 58, 119fn36, 183, 185, 212
Jackson, Barry, 219
Jacomb-Hood, George Percy, 134
Jameson, Anna, 33–4, chapter 1
Jameson, Robert (husband), 45
Jaques-Dalcroze, Émile, 218
Jenkins, Roy, 300
Jephcott, Pearl, 37–8, 288, 290–1, 296
John, Augustus, 222
Jourdain, Margaret, 282
Journal of Negro History, 278
journalism, 3, 10fn26, 22, 36–7, 110, 115, 119, 159–60, 233, 234, 238, 245, 282–3
Joyce, Patrick, 90
Kant, Immanuel, 46
Kauffer, Edward McKnight, 205
Kauffman, Angelica, 51
Keynes, John Maynard, 222–3, 226–7, 228, 229
Klein, Viola, 37–8, 288, 291, 295, 296, 297–8, 301, 304
Kyasht, Lydia, 209
Labour Party, 158, 250, 251–4, 278, 311
women MPs, 241–2, 251, 253–4, 255–6
Lambert, Constant, 225
Law Journal, 122
Lawrance, Hannah, 45, 46, 58, 59, 265
Stafford, John (grandfather), 45
Lawrence, Lord Justice Paul Ogden, 98, 104
Lawrence, Reina, 107, 114–15, 122–4, 329
Lawson, Joan, 227
League of Nations, 22, 38–9, 172, 234, 328
presence of women in, chapter 7
legal profession, 4fn8, 5, 6, 22, 30, 35–6, chapter 3, chapter 4, 161, 245, 289, 297–8, 329
Lefebvre, Henri, 90
Legat, Nikolai, 218
Le-May Sheffield, Suzanne, 70
Leon, Marjorie, 169
lesbians, 35, 306–8, 315, 318, 321–3
Lethaby, W. R., 140
Liddington, Jill, 273
life-writing, 24–5, 235, 236–40, 243. See also selfhood
as material practice, 238–9, 260–1
Lindsay, Jean, 280
Lloyd George, David, 192
Lockyer, Norman, 79
London and National Society for Women’s Service, 1–2, 8, 110, 292
London Feminist History Group, 275
London Magazine, 48
London School of Economics, 16, 267, 295
Lopokova, Lydia, 213, 214, 222, 226fn93, 227, 231
Lyceum Club, 152
Lyceum Theatre, 212
Lyttelton, Edith, 185
Macaulay, Rose, 239
MacDonald, Ramsay, 234, 242fn36, 251–3
Mair, Lucille Mathurin, 277
Major, John, 305
marginality, as category of analysis, 3, 12–13, 32, 39
marriage, 34–5, 45, 56, 75, 77, 84, 101, 111, 123, chapter 5, 192, 196, 233, 266, 287, 290, 298, 300
marriage bars, 26–7, 157, 192, 196–7, 228, 269, 279, 289, 291, 327
Marson, Una, 32
masculinity, 28, 35, 74, 78, 85, chapter 3, 129, 133, 135, 144, 226, chapter 12
Massine, Léonide, 213, 214, 218
Maurice, Frederick Denison, 60, 61
McFie, Margaret, 168
McGeachy, Mary, 194–5, 197, 201
Medical Practitioners’ Union (MPU), 293, 295, 297, 299
Medical Women’s Federation, 288–9, 291, 295, 297, 298, 301–2
Inter-Professional Working Party (IPWP), 294, 299–300
medical professions see healthcare professions
Mercury Theatre, 223. See also Rambert, Marie
Merian, Maria Sibylla, 73
Messenger, 278
metalwork, 125, 128–9, 134, 137, 140–2, 145–6, 148, 151
Methuen, 141
Middle Class Alliance, 299
Milhaud, Darius, 214
Mills, Mabel, 269
Ministry of Education, 259fn115, 284
Ministry of Information (MOI), 202, 235, 241, 244, 247, 249, 255–9
Mitford, Nancy, 274
modernity, 3, 19, 36, 38, 92, 157, 307
money see income of professionals
Montagu-Nathan, M., 222
Moore, Doris Langley, 271
Moore, Henry, 259
Moorhouse, Frank, 195fn21, 201
Morrison, Herbert, 258
Morris, William, 133
Mosely Education Commission (1904), 79
motherhood, 2, 20, 23, 27, 208, 290, 291fn9, 293, 298, 301. See also childcare
impact on women’s professional work, 23, chapter 5, 290–1
studies of relationship to professional work, 293
mothers of professionals, 2, 75, 153, 166, 209, 211, 225, 230–1, 233, 249, 253, 297–8, 299, 316–17
Morley, Edith, 161
Morning Chronicle, 49
Morosoff, Serge, 213
Morrell, Lady Ottoline, 222
Morrison, Herbert, 258
Moser, Mary, 51
Museum of London, 153
music halls, 207–15, 224fn79, 226
Mussolini, Benito, 198fn33, 200
National Ballet of Canada, 232
National Committee for Women’s Suffrage, 109, 115–16
National Federation of Business and Professional Women’s Clubs of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, 287, 289, 294, 298
National Health Service, 31–2, 293
National Joint Committee for Spanish Relief, 175
National Portrait Gallery, 62
Natural History Museum, 66fn14, 83
Nature, 79
Newman, Charlotte, 145
Newman, Philip H., 145
Newnham College, Cambridge, 155, 156–7, 159, 165, 233, 242, 253. See also University of Cambridge
Nightingale, Florence, 272
Nijinska, Bronislav, 214–18, 228, 231
Nijinsky, Vaslav, 209, 210, 218, 225
Nineteenth Century Building Society, 114
Noel, Robert Ralph, 54
Noel-Baker, Philip, 197
Northern Ireland, 287, 289, 294, 298
North London Collegiate School for Girls, 81
nursing see healthcare professions
Old Vic, The, 219. See also Vic-Wells Ballet
Orme, Eliza, chapter 4
Ormerod, Eleanor, 33, 67–74, 81, 82, 84–5, 329
Ormerod, Georgiana (sister), 71–2, 329
Paget, Muriel, 169
Pakenham, Elizabeth, 282
parents see fathers of professionals; mothers of professionals
Paris Peace Conference, 137
Paris Salon, 140
partnerships, professional, 71–2, 75, 114, 122, chapter 5, 219, 259, 329–30
Passavant, Johann, 44, 46, 48, 56
Patent Act (1883), 113
patriarchy, 2–3, 13, 18, 24, 26–8, 34, 36, 44, 146, 158, 206, 303, 321
Patrick, Sara, 222
Pavlova, Anna, 209, 210–11, 212, 218–19, 227
Peacock, Neta, 142
Perkin, Harold, 3–4, 6, 8–9, 11, 12, 14, 17, 39, 307–8, 325, 328, 329
Peterson, Linda H., 42
photography, 77, 120, 125–7, 133–4, 143fn49, 148, 153–4, 162, 174fn86, 210, 260, 310, 327
Pick, Frank, 257
Piketty, Thomas, 308
Popular Science Review, 72
Poole, Rachel Lane, 280
Porter, Enid, 271
Potter, Beatrice, 117
Power, Eileen, 266–8, 282, 284
Power, Rhoda, 284
Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, 44–5
Priestley, J. B., 283
Prior, Mary, 272
profession, definitions of, 5–6, 325–6
professionalization, processes of, 3, 6, 10–11
professional projects, 25–26, 32
professional women’s organisations. See also British Federation of University Women; Cambridge University Women’s Appointments Board; Central Bureau for the Employment of Women; London and National Society for Women’s Service; Medical Women’s Federation; National Federation of Business and Professional Women’s Clubs of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Women’s Employment Federation; Women’s Engineering Society; Women’s Industrial Council
campaigns of, 289, 291–2, 298–9
Profumo affair, 310
Public Record Office (PRO), 279
Pye, Edith, 169
Quakers, 125–6, 130, 136, 152, 155, 166–9
as humanitarian relief personnel, 38, 170–3
Society of Friends’ Mount School, York, 129, 136
Friends House, London, 170fn72, 175–8.
Friends’ Meeting House, York, 141
Friend’s Council for Women’s Suffrage, 152
Friend’s League for Women’s Suffrage, 152
Quarterly Journal of Science, 72
Queen Boudica, 265
race and professional identities, 4–5, 15fn44, 28–32, 35, 37, 131, 186, 276fn63, 277–8, 285, 308, 324, 328
Radziwill, Gabrielle, 198
Rambert, Marie, 218, 223, 228. See also Ballet Club; Mercury Theatre
Ramm, Agatha, 274
Rayleigh, Lord (John William Strutt), 66
record-keeping, see archives
Reconstruction Secretariat, 235, 257–9
refugees, 156, 166–9, 170–2, 174–9, 186fn7, 187–8, 202, 248. See also International Commission for War Refugees; United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR); United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA)
humanitarian relief campaigns, 167–8, 172–3, 178–80, 202
Representation of the People Act (1918), 4
Richardson, Mary, 107, 112–15, 122, 124, 329
Royal Academy of Arts, 50
Royal Academy of Dancing, 218
Royal Academy schools, 136
Royal Agricultural College, 70
Royal Agricultural Society, 70, 71, 73
Royal Astronomical Society, 78
Royal College of Art, 129
Royal Commission on Labour (1893), 118–19
Royal Danish Ballet, 209
Royal Geographical Society, 78
Royal Holloway, 266. See also University of London
Royal Meteorological Society, 71
Royal Opera House, 209–10, 213–14, 221, 226–7, 229, 231
Royden, Maude, 169
Rubinstein, Ida, 228
Ruskin, John, 46, 48, 56, 57, 58
Sadler’s Wells, 205fn2, 219, 221, 224–5, 228, 231. See also Vic-Wells Ballet
Salaman, Susan, 223
Sandberg, Sheryl, 303
Savage, Mike, 292, 293, 295, 296, 325, 331
Save the Children, 167, 172–3, 187–8
Scarborough Art School, 129, 144
Sedgwick, Eve, 88
scientific professions, 10, 33, chapter 2, 327–8
Scotland, 128, 157fn7, 159, 212–13, 233, 252, 261fn120
Scottish Women’s Hospitals, 173
Second World War, 17, 34, 36, 104, 178, 179fn106, 205, 224, 230–1, 234–8, 280, 282–3, 291, 311
secretaries see clerical work
self-employment, 14, 117–19, chapter 5, 248, 253, 270, 291
selfhood, 2, 3, 32, 36, 130, 135, 236, 287–8, 296–7, 317, 331–2. See also life-writing
service, 10–11. See also social work
ethics of, 8, 14, 38–9, 168, 327–8
women’s relationship to, 21, 32, 172, 190, 203, 235, 297
Sex Disqualification (Removal) Act (1918), 4, 7, 26–7, 35, 79, 92, 107, 122, 192, 206, 289
sexuality and professional identities, 4, 10, 34, 35, 88–9, 157–8, 284, chapter 12
Sexual Offences Act (1967), 306, 313, 319–20, 323
Shaw, George Bernard, 114
Shuckburgh, Dorothy, 236, 247, 259
Sickert, Walter, 144
singleness see bachelors; spinsters
single-sex spaces, 19, 35–6, 72, chapter 3, 111, 136, 144–5, 151–2, 253
Smith, Sidney, 43
Smyth, Ethel, 222
social closure, 6–7, 12, 32, 307–8, 326, 332. See also Weber, Max
social history, study of, 16, 17–18
social work, 6–7, 21, 22, 124fn46, 159, 162, 166, 172, 187, 192, 289–91, 294. See also service
Society of Gravers–Printers in Colour, 152
Society of Painters in Tempera, 152
sociology, chapter 11
absence of women from histories of, 295
influence on historical discipline, 273–4
studies of professional identity, 17, 25–7
Soja, Edward, 90
Somerville College, Oxford, 274–5, 291fn9. See also University of Oxford
Sorabji, Cornelia, 30, 107, 120
South Kensington Institute, 70
Spencer, Penelope, 222
spinsters, 20, 93, 116–17, 123fn43, 127, 291
Sprott, Ethel, 169
Stencek, Valentin, 201
Strachey, Lytton, 222
Strachey, Ray, 245–6, 247, 249
Careers and Openings for Women (1935), 8, 157–8, 292
Students’ Careers Association, 163
Swanwick, Helena, 185
Tait’s Edinburgh Magazine, 44
Tate, Merze, 330
Taylor, Helen, 110–11, 113, 115
Tcherepnin, Nikolai, 210
teaching, 16, 22, 79, 83, 156–7, 159–62, 163–5, 192, 213, 233, 246–7, 269, 271–3, 289–90, 294. See also education
Thatcher, Margaret, 260
Thompson, Dorothy, 273
Tillard, Violet, 172
Time and Tide, 231
Titmuss, Richard, 290
Trinity College Dublin, 75
Torr, Dona, 275
Tout, Thomas Frederick, 269
Toye, Wendy, 222
trade unionism, 5, 13, 117, 249–50, 258, 275, 302–3
Tudor, Anthony, 223
Turkish State Ballet, 232
Turner, J. M. W., 58
UNESCO, 284
UNICEF, 202
Union of Democratic Control, 253
United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA), 178–80. See also refugees
United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), 202. See also refugees
University of Cambridge, 67, 75, 245. See also Girton College, Cambridge; Newnham College, Cambridge
University of Edinburgh, 67, 70–1
University of Manchester, 80fn60, 81–2, 269, 275, 276fn62
University of Munich, 81
University of Oxford, 30, 107, 269, 280. See also Somerville College, Oxford
University of London, 36, 67, 82, 107, 109, 111, 265–6, 279, 281. See also Bedford College, London; Royal Holloway; Westfield College
University College London (UCL), 81, 109, 116, 276
Vassall, John, 310
Vicinus, Martha, 18–19, 160fn24
Victoria and Albert Museum, 62, 134, 137, 153–4, 212–13
Victoria County History project (VCH), 270
Vic-Wells Ballet, 206, 210, 213, 221–2, 223, 224, 225, 229, 231. See also Old Vic, The; Sadler’s Wells
Voluntary Aid Detachment, 169
voluntary work, 13–14, 123–4, 185, 192, 234, 239
Volunteer Rifle Corps, 91, 92, 97, 103, 104
von Herkomer, Hubert, 143
Waagen, Gustav, 44, 46, 48, 54, 55
Wagner, Richard, 209
Wales, 23fn79, 132–3, 157fn7, 195, 263
watercolours, 129, 135–7, 144, 148
Webb, Josephine, 138fn28, 142, 143, 149
Webb, Sidney, 117
Weber, Max, 6, 26, 264, 308. See also social closure
Wedgwood, C. V., 274
welfare see social work
West End, London, 91, 97, 102, 212, 222
Westfield College, 266, 276fn66. See also University of London
Whistler, Rex, 227
Wilde, Oscar, 141
Wilson, Francesca, chapter 6
Witz, Anne, 26
Wolfenden Committee, 311
Women’s Employment Federation (WEF), 245–6, 247
Women’s Engineering Society, 289
Women’s Freedom League, 198
Women’s Gazette and Weekly News, 116
Women’s Guild of Arts, 152
women’s history, study of, 4, 15–18, 19–20, 24, 29, 266–8, 272, 275–6, 285
Women’s International Art Club, 152
Women’s Industrial Council, 292
Women’s Information and Study Centre (WISC), 294
Women’s Liberation Movement, 17, 37, 266, 275, 280, 283, 288, 302–3
Women’s Liberal Federation, 116
women’s movement, 16, 110, 116, 122, 285, 288, 331
Women’s National Liberal Association, 115–16
women’s suffrage, 1, 16, 37, 63, 109–11, 114–17, 122, 124, 128fn6, 142, 152, 171, 270–1
Women’s Taxation Action Group (WOTAG), 299–301
Women’s Voluntary Service, 257–8
Woodham-Smith, Cecil, 282
Woodward, Alice B., 152
Woodward, E. C., 152
Woolf, Virginia, 5, 7, 15, 158, 222
‘Professions for women’ (1931), 1–2
opinions of Mary Agnes Hamilton, 233, 244, 248–9
working from home see domesticity, relationship to professional identities
workshops, 132, 138–9, 150, 168, 177
Wren, Christopher, 95
Yeats, W. B., 220
Žižek, Slavoj, 321
Zweig, Ferdynand, 290