Academic Society of Patriots of Lima, 4
Adanson, Michel, 116
Addison, Joseph, 232–3
Adolphus, Gustavus, 72
Aldrovandi, Ulisse, 202
Alexander the Great, 64
Alonso Martinez de Orteguilla, 81
altepetl (unit of Nahua settlement), 19
Amazonian people, 52–3
Amazon River, 149–54
Americae Pars Meridionale, 149, 151
americana, 197
Amerique Meridionale, 149, 152
Anales de Historia Natural (journal), 117
Andes, 217–24
The Animal World (magazine), 191
anteater, 225–30
Antiquities of Mexico (Kingsborough), 14
armadillo (Mary), 83–5
Arnoldus Montanus, 35
ars memoriae, 112
Asensio, Gaspar, 19
Auñón, Don Diego Morcillo Rubio de, 36
autos sacramentales, 77
Aznar, Juan Figueroa, 141
Aztec priestess, 135–9
Balenciaga, Cristóbal, 74
ball game, 51–2
baptismal basins, 57
baroque pearl, 171
basins, silver, 57–9
bezoars, 195–9
Bien de Interés Cultural (Object of Cultural Interest), 6
Bingham, Hiram, 141–5
biodiversity, 4
bird of paradise, 155–7
black clothing, 67–75
Blacks, and slave trade, 47–50
Blakeley, W.L. Reeves, 55
Blanco, Miguel Ángel, 118
Blue Book (Libro azzurro), 201–2, 204
Boerhaave, Hermann, 198
Bolívar, Simón, 39
Bonaparte, Joseph, 117
Bonaparte, Napoleon, 117
Boselli, Felice, 189
Bourbon reforms, 36–7
Brazilian Society for the Progress of Science (SBPC), 55
Bru, Juan Bautista, 232
Brueghel, Jan, 189
búcaros, 91–4
Buenos Aires, 37
Bust of an Aztec Priestess, 135
Cabinet of Natural History, 226, 227
cacao, 201–6
Cadiz Constitution of 1812, 117
Caesar, Julius, 64
Cahuachi, 187
Cajayauri, Pedro, 123
calapurca, 187
cañengues, 48
Cardano, Girolamo, 184
Cardona, 171–5
cards deck, 77–81
Caribs, 172–3
Carmichael, William, 234
Cartagena, 162
Carta Marina (Waldseemüller), 183
Cavendish, William, 83
Cerro Danush, 19
Cerro de Potosí, 28
Cerro Rico (Rich Hill), 23, 24–7, 30, 34–9
Chagall, Marc, 17
Chambi, Martín, 141
Chambon, M., 49
Chanel, Coco, 74
Charles V, 62, 71, 72, 161, 178, 202
Chichimecas, 112
Chilean strawberry, 208, 210–1
Chronica da Companhia de Jesu do estado do Brasil (de Vasconcellos), 152
Cieza, 29
cinchona, 241–6
clay vessels, 91–4
Clifford, George, III, 198
Cobo, Bernabé, 187–8
cochineal, 177–82
Codex Mendoza, 11–5, 52, 61, 205
folios, 11–2
production process, 12
publications presenting material from, 14
Codex Ríos, 202
Codex Vaticanus 3738, 202
Codex Vaticanus A, 202
coins, 41–6
Colombia, emerald belt in, 160–1
Columbus, Christopher, 51
Companhia Ford Industrial do Brasil, 55
Condorcanqui, José Gabriel, 121
conejo de Indias (‘rabbit of the Indies’), 189
contractual articulation, 50
Coqui Pilla, 19
Coqui Piziatao, 19
Cordova Salinas, Creole Diego de, 97, 99
Corpus Christi, festival of, 124
Creole Cabinet, 115–9
Crown of the Andes, 162
cuarta, 48
Cuauhtémoc, 79
cultural diversity, 4
Cuvier, Georges, 233–4
cuy (Cavia porcellus), 187, 190
Cyrus, 64
d’Abbeville, Nicolas Sanson, 149, 152
Dactylopius coccus, 178
D’Alton, Joseph W.E., 235
Da Mula, Marcantonio, 202
d’Anghiera, Peter Martyr, 184
Danti, Maximiliano, 144
Darwin, Charles, 208
hummingbird, 267–70
tortoise, 259–64
Dávila, Pedro Franco, 3
De Alzate y Ramírez, José Antonio, 180, 181–2
De Cardona, Tomás, 172
De Castro, Lope García, 71
deck (Spanish), 77–81
De Coninck, David, 189
De cordoncillo, 42
De Covarrubias y Orozco, Sebastián, 51
De Erauso, Catalina, 105–6
De Givenchy, Hubert, 74
De Gómara, Francisco López, 156
De Islares, Martín, 155
De La Espada, Jiménez, 6
De Laet, Johannes, 15
De las Casas, Bartolomé, 51
Delaune, Étienne, 183
De León, Pedro de Cieza, 28
De Mendoza, Diego Hurtado, 205
De Mogrovejo, Toribio, 100
De Nicuesa, Diego, 237
De Ojeda, Alonso, 237
De Oviedo y Valdés, Gonzalo Fernández, 17, 51, 155–7, 183, 204
De Quesada, Gonzalo Jiménez, 161
De Sahagún, Fray Bernardino, 61
Descripción de las Indias Occidentales (Herrera y Tordesillas), 149
De Silva y Velázquez, Diego Rodríguez, 72
De Toledo, María Luisa (portrait), 87–90
De Torres, Manuel, 232
De Urdaneta, Andrés, 155
De Vasconcellos, Simão, 152
De Vega, Lope, 93
De Velasco, López, 17
De Villanueva, Juan, 6
Diccionario de autoridades, 5, 5n3
Dillon, John Talbot, 227
Dior, Christian, 74
diversity, 4
Doctor Velasco’s private museum, 6
Ducke, Adolpho, 55
Dupaix, Guillermo, 136
Dürer, Albrecht, 62
Dutch West Indian Company, 59
Eastman Kodak Company. see Kodak
Eckhout, Albert, 189
El acero de Madrid, 93
El Escorial, 117
El Manatí, 52
emeralds, 159–69
Enciso, Martín Fernández de, 237, 238
European Enlightenment, 47
The Feast of Bacchus (Brueghel), 189
feathered shield, 61–5
Florentine Codex, 204
Flores, Ciriaco, 124
Flórez, Manuel Antonio, 190
follis, 51
Foucault, Michel, 5
Four Parts of the World (Delaune and Gheeraerts), 183
‘Four World Monarchies’ scheme, 64
Fragaria chiloensis, 207
Fragaria virginiana, 207
Franco Dávila, Pedro, 116, 118
Franco-Hispanic expedition, 52–3
Frézier, Amédée-Francois de, 208
Friedrich I (Duke of Württemberg), 63, 64
Frischlin, Jakob, 64
Fusée Aublet, Jean Baptiste Christophe, 53
Galembeck, Fernando, 55
Garcia, Dom, II, 58
gemstones, 161
General and Natural History of the Indies (Oviedo), 155–7
General History of the Things of New Spain (De Sahagún), 61
Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums (Winckelmann), 137
Gessner, Conrad, 84
Gheeraerts, Marcus, 183
Ginzburg, Carlo, 137
glyphs, 19
Google Arts and Culture, 7
Goyeneche Palace, 6
Goyeneche Palace, Madrid, 115
grazing, 21
Great Chain of Being, 113
‘The Great Turk,’ 27
Gregory XIII (Pope), 106
Grillo, Domingo, 48
Grosvenor, Gilbert, 142
guairas, 23
Guaman Poma de Ayala, Felipe, 30, 34, 58
guano, 251–7
guinea pig, 187–93
Gutiérrez Naranjo, Fray, 106
Habsburg emerald cluster, 162, 163
Haematoxylum campechianum, 69, 70
Hainhofer, Philipp, 63
Hakluyt, Richard, 12
Hakluytus Posthumus (Purchas), 14
Hamor, Ralph, 183
harpasso, 51
Hasekura Rokuemon Tsunenaga, 69
Henry of Portugal, 58
Hepburn, Audrey, 74
Herrera el Mozo, Francisco de, 88
H&E staining, 74
Hevea guianensis, 53
Hispanic monarchy, 4, 42, 43, 46, 58
Historia general y natural de las Indias (De Oviedo), 17
Historia naturae, maxime peregrinae (Nieremberg), 183–4, 185, 186
Historia natural de las Indias (Durán), 61, 62
History of America, 30
History of the India of the West, 85
A History of the World in 100 Objects (MacGregor), 1
Holguín, Melchor Pérez, 36
House of the Eagle Warriors, 52
House of Trade, 47
Huallpa, Diego, 23
hummingbird, 267–70
hybridisation, of strawberries, 208
Iberian slave trade, 47
iconographic corpus, 17
Inca mummy, 127–33
Inés de la Cruz, Sor Juana, 89
Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia (INAH), 15
Isatis tinctoria, 71
Islamic cards, 77
Jahan, Shah, 164
José I, King, 117
‘The Kingdom of China,’ 27
Kingsborough, Lord, 14
Kircher, Athanasius, 15
Knight, Thomas A., 208
Kruysveldt-de Mare, Catharina, 75
La Condamine, Charles Marie de, 52, 53
lahueñe mushca, 210
Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste, 53
Landesmuseum Württemberg, 61–2
The Last Supper, 188
Latin America and the Global History of Knowledge (LAGLOBAL), 1–2, 6, 7
Le commerce de l’Amerique par Marseille, 49
Leopold I, 59
Letter to the King (Guaman Poma), 58
Lettres d’une péruvienne (Letters from a Peruvian Woman), 121
Lévi-Strauss, Claude, 55
logograms, 19
Lomelín, Ambrosio, 48
Lost City of the Incas (Bingham), 144
Lubieniecki, Teodor, 189
Luisa, María, 87
Luther, Martin, 72
Lyell, Charles, 234
MacGregor, Neil, 1
Machu Picchu, 141–5
Macuilxóchitl, 17–21
Madrid’s National Museum of Natural Sciences (MNCN), 5
Magalotti, Lorenzo, 94
Magellan–Elcano expedition, 156
Malaspina Expedition, 3
Mamluk playing cards, 79
Marcgraf, Georg, 183
Marcos Sapaca Inca, 187
marsupium, 183
Martialis, Marcus Valerius, 51
Mateo, Huber Brañes, 122
Mattioli, Pietro Andrea, 84
Mayans, 69–70
megatherium, 231–6
Megatherium Americanum, 234
Mendizábal, Francisco J., 24
mestizo memory, 105–13
Mexican portrait, 87–90
within Great Chain of Being, 113
printing tests of cards made in, 81
Michiel, Pier’Antonio, 201–4
minerals, classification of, 116
mining, 37
emerald, 160–1
rationalisation of, 36
mit’a, 24
Moctezuma, 79
Monatliche Unterredungen, 57
moneda columnaria, 42
morumotto, 192
Mughal emerald amulet, 159
Mughals, 164
muleke, 48
muleque/muleca, 48
mummy (Inca), 127–33
Museo de la Trinidad, 88
Museo Fernandino, 117
Museum of Natural History, 6
Museum of Natural History, Paris, 233
Museum of Painting, 117
museums
Landesmuseum Württemberg, 61–2
Museum of Natural History, 6
Museum of Painting, 117
National Archaeological Museum, 118
National Geographic Museum, 144
National Museum of Natural Sciences, 5, 6–7, 118
Prado Museum, 6, 116, 117, 118
wall/painted, 2
Muthmann, Friedrich, 58
Myatt, Joseph, 208
National Archaeological Museum (MAN), 118
National Cuy Day, 193
National Geographic Museum, 144
National Geographic Society, 122
National Museum of Natural Sciences (MNCN), 5, 6–7, 118
Naturgemälde (Von Humboldt), 5
neo-primitivism, 17
New World, or Description of the West Indies (De Laet), 15
New World cabinet, 1–2
Nieremberg, Juan Eusebio, 183–5
Nimrod, 64
nocheztli, 178
occidental bezoars, 196–7
Ocelotl, Martín, 52
Oedipus Aegyptiacus (Kircher), 15
opossum, 183–6
Opuntia, 178
The Origin of Species (Darwin), 208
‘Osa Palmera,’ 228
Ottomans, 164
Owen, Richard, 235
paganina, 51
painted museum, 2
paintings
Quadro del Perú, 2–7
pearls, 171–5
perpetuum mobile of trade, 156
Peru, 2–7
Spanish deck in, 77
Petiver, James, 198
Philip, King III, 34
Philip II, 161
Philip II (king of Spain), 58, 68, 72, 77
Philip III, 172
Philip IV, 91
Philip V, 36
Philosophical Transactions (Tyson), 183
pictograms, 19
pictorial composition, 5
piece of eight, 41–6
pieza de indias, 47–50
Pigafetta, Antonio, 156
piña (pinecone), 23–4
Pinzón, Vicente Yáñez, 183
playing cards, 77–81
The Pleasures of the Imagination (Addison), 233
Popol Vuh, 51
portrait (Mexican), 87–90
potato, 247–50
Potosí, 23–32
mercury refining process, 23–4
slave market, 29
Pouns, Jean, 78
Prado Museum, 6, 116, 117, 118
Primer nueva corónica, 34
Quadro del Perú, 2–7
dimensions, 4
Quae pompa delecta ad Regem deferatur, 63–4
Queen America, 64
Quetzalcoatl, 79
quipucamayoc, 5
quipus, 121–4
during Inca period, 122–3
Real Academia Española, 5, 5n4
Real Gabinete de Historia Natural, Madrid, 190
Recco, Giuseppe, 94
Relaciones geográficas (Geographical Accounts of the Indies), 17, 19, 20, 21
Rhetorica christiana, 106–7
Rochín, Roberto, 52
Roume, Philippe-Rose, 233
Royal Academy, dictionary of, 5
Royal Cabinet of Natural History, 116, 117, 232
Royal Museum of Painting and Sculpture, 117
rubber, 51–6
Ruiz, Hipólito, 190
Russo, Alessandra, 19
Salvador i Riera, Joan, 197
Sangro, Raimondo di, 121
scala naturae, 4
Segovia, 27
Selden, John, 12
Shah, Nadir, 168
shield, feathered, 61–5
Sieber, Franz, 53
silver basins, 57–9
silver production, Potosí, 27, 29
slave market, Potosí, 29
slave monopoly, 48
Sloane, Hans, 179–80
Society of Jesus, 150
Solano, Francisco, 97–102
Somerset House Conference, 1604, 67, 68
Somondoco, emerald mines of, 160
South Sea Company, 35–6
Spaniards, 12, 19, 21, 61–2, 69, 70, 71
‘Spanish’ deck, 77–81
Spanish Empire, 72
Spanish Habsburgs, 34, 42, 67, 69
Spanish/Spanish American peso, 41–6
Spilberg, George, 174
S ply, 123
Staden, Hans, 184
Still Life with a Pigeon and Guinea Pig (Boselli), 189
Still Life with Guinea Pigs (Lubieniecki), 189
strawberry, cultivation of, 207–11
Stuart, Mary (Queen of Scots)
armadillo, 83–5
Stuttgart Castle, 64
Sumaj Urku (Beautiful Mountain), 23
tableau
Tableau physique des Andes et pays voisins (Von Humboldt), 5
Talbot, George, 83
tapir, 237–40
Tarih-i Hindi-i Garbi, 30
Temple of Hathor at Dendera, 136
Tentzel, Wilhelm, 57
textile industry, 44–5
Tezcoco Indians, 73
Thévenot, Melchisédech, 15
Thiébaut, Louis, 3
Thiéry de Menonville, Nicolas-Joseph, 180
Thirty Years’ War, 72
tinea capitis, 48
Tonalá búcaros, 91–4
Torres, Javier Núñez, 122
tortoise (Darwin), 259–64
Townsend, Joseph, 227
Treaty of Paris, 117
Treaty of Tordesillas, 1494, 149
Tristes Tropiques (Lévi-Strauss), 55
triumphal entry of America, 63
Trujillo Codex, 3
Tyson, Edward, 183
ulama, 52
Ulama: el juego de la vida y la muerte (Rochín), 52
Unanue, José Hipólito, 4
uniformitarianism, 234
Valadés, Diego de, 106–13
vanitas, 233
Van Nassau, Johan Maurits, 58–9
vessels, 91–4
Viceroyalty of Peru, 42
Villa Imperial de Potosí. see Potosí
villancicos, 77
violin (musical instrument), 97–102
Virgin of the Cerro Rico of Potosí, 36, 37
virtual repatriation, 15
volcano, 213–6
Von Humboldt, Alexander, 5, 135, 136–8, 180–1
Voyage dans la basse et la haute Égypte (Denon), 136
Voyage to Jamaica (Sloane), 179
Vues des cordillères et monuments (Humboldt), 138
Waldseemüller, Martin, 183
wall museum, 2
War of Spanish Succession, 197, 198
Weiditz, Christoph, 53
Wickham, Henry, 55
Willdenow, Carl Ludwig, 53
Winckelmann, Johann Joachim, 137
Xilonen, 135–9
Xochipilli, 19
Yacatecuhtli, 61
Yapanga de Quito, 208
Yoci Xonaga Bela Laa, 19
Yupanqui, Felipe Velasco Túpac Inca, 123–4
Yupanqui, Manco Inca, 141
Yupanqui, Titu Cusi, 71
Zoëga, Georg, 136
Z ply, 123